xref: /xnu-8796.101.5/osfmk/mach/vm_param.h (revision aca3beaa3dfbd42498b42c5e5ce20a938e6554e5)
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28 /*
29  * @OSF_COPYRIGHT@
30  */
31 /*
32  * Mach Operating System
33  * Copyright (c) 1991,1990,1989,1988,1987 Carnegie Mellon University
34  * All Rights Reserved.
35  *
36  * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
37  * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
38  * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
39  * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
40  * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
41  *
42  * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
43  * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
44  * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
45  *
46  * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
47  *
48  *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  [email protected]
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50  *  Carnegie Mellon University
51  *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
52  *
53  * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
54  * the rights to redistribute these changes.
55  */
56 /*
57  */
58 /*
59  *	File:	mach/vm_param.h
60  *	Author:	Avadis Tevanian, Jr., Michael Wayne Young
61  *	Date:	1985
62  *
63  *	Machine independent virtual memory parameters.
64  *
65  */
66 
67 #ifndef _MACH_VM_PARAM_H_
68 #define _MACH_VM_PARAM_H_
69 
70 #include <mach/machine/vm_param.h>
71 
72 #ifdef  KERNEL
73 
74 #ifndef ASSEMBLER
75 #include <mach/vm_types.h>
76 #endif  /* ASSEMBLER */
77 
78 #include <os/base.h>
79 #include <os/overflow.h>
80 
81 /*
82  *	The machine independent pages are refered to as PAGES.  A page
83  *	is some number of hardware pages, depending on the target machine.
84  */
85 
86 #ifndef ASSEMBLER
87 
88 #define PAGE_SIZE_64 (unsigned long long)PAGE_SIZE              /* pagesize in addr units */
89 #define PAGE_MASK_64 (unsigned long long)PAGE_MASK              /* mask for off in page */
90 
91 /*
92  *	Convert addresses to pages and vice versa.  No rounding is used.
93  *      The atop_32 and ptoa_32 macros should not be use on 64 bit types.
94  *      The round_page_64 and trunc_page_64 macros should be used instead.
95  */
96 
97 #define atop_32(x) ((uint32_t)(x) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
98 #define ptoa_32(x) ((uint32_t)(x) << PAGE_SHIFT)
99 #define atop_64(x) ((uint64_t)(x) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
100 #define ptoa_64(x) ((uint64_t)(x) << PAGE_SHIFT)
101 
102 #define atop_kernel(x) ((vm_address_t)(x) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
103 #define ptoa_kernel(x) ((vm_address_t)(x) << PAGE_SHIFT)
104 
105 /*
106  *      While the following block is enabled, the legacy atop and ptoa
107  *      macros will behave correctly.  If not, they will generate
108  *      invalid lvalue errors.
109  */
110 
111 #if 1
112 #define atop(x) ((vm_address_t)(x) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
113 #define ptoa(x) ((vm_address_t)(x) << PAGE_SHIFT)
114 #else
115 #define atop(x) (0UL = 0)
116 #define ptoa(x) (0UL = 0)
117 #endif
118 
119 /*
120  *	Page-size rounding macros for the Public fixed-width VM types.
121  */
122 #define mach_vm_round_page(x) (((mach_vm_offset_t)(x) + PAGE_MASK) & ~((signed)PAGE_MASK))
123 #define mach_vm_trunc_page(x) ((mach_vm_offset_t)(x) & ~((signed)PAGE_MASK))
124 
125 #define round_page_overflow(in, out) __os_warn_unused(({ \
126 	        bool __ovr = os_add_overflow(in, (__typeof__(*out))PAGE_MASK, out); \
127 	        *out &= ~((__typeof__(*out))PAGE_MASK); \
128 	        __ovr; \
129 	}))
130 
131 static inline int OS_WARN_RESULT
mach_vm_round_page_overflow(mach_vm_offset_t in,mach_vm_offset_t * out)132 mach_vm_round_page_overflow(mach_vm_offset_t in, mach_vm_offset_t *out)
133 {
134 	return round_page_overflow(in, out);
135 }
136 
137 #define memory_object_round_page(x) (((memory_object_offset_t)(x) + PAGE_MASK) & ~((signed)PAGE_MASK))
138 #define memory_object_trunc_page(x) ((memory_object_offset_t)(x) & ~((signed)PAGE_MASK))
139 
140 /*
141  *	Rounding macros for the legacy (scalable with the current task's
142  *	address space size) VM types.
143  */
144 
145 #define round_page(x) (((vm_offset_t)(x) + PAGE_MASK) & ~((vm_offset_t)PAGE_MASK))
146 #define trunc_page(x) ((vm_offset_t)(x) & ~((vm_offset_t)PAGE_MASK))
147 
148 /*
149  *	Round off or truncate to the nearest page.  These will work
150  *	for either addresses or counts.  (i.e. 1 byte rounds to 1 page
151  *	bytes.  The round_page_32 and trunc_page_32 macros should not be
152  *      use on 64 bit types.  The round_page_64 and trunc_page_64 macros
153  *      should be used instead.
154  *
155  *	These should only be used in the rare case the size of the address
156  *	or length is hard-coded as 32 or 64 bit.  Otherwise, the macros
157  *	associated with the specific VM type should be used.
158  */
159 
160 #define round_page_32(x) (((uint32_t)(x) + PAGE_MASK) & ~((uint32_t)PAGE_MASK))
161 #define trunc_page_32(x) ((uint32_t)(x) & ~((uint32_t)PAGE_MASK))
162 #define round_page_64(x) (((uint64_t)(x) + PAGE_MASK_64) & ~((uint64_t)PAGE_MASK_64))
163 #define trunc_page_64(x) ((uint64_t)(x) & ~((uint64_t)PAGE_MASK_64))
164 
165 #define round_page_mask_32(x, mask) (((uint32_t)(x) + (mask)) & ~((uint32_t)(mask)))
166 #define trunc_page_mask_32(x, mask) ((uint32_t)(x) & ~((uint32_t)(mask)))
167 #define round_page_mask_64(x, mask) (((uint64_t)(x) + (mask)) & ~((uint64_t)(mask)))
168 #define trunc_page_mask_64(x, mask) ((uint64_t)(x) & ~((uint64_t)(mask)))
169 
170 /*
171  *      Enable the following block to find uses of xxx_32 macros that should
172  *      be xxx_64.  These macros only work in C code, not C++.  The resulting
173  *      binaries are not functional.  Look for invalid lvalue errors in
174  *      the compiler output.
175  *
176  *      Enabling the following block will also find use of the xxx_64 macros
177  *      that have been passed pointers.  The parameters should be case to an
178  *      unsigned long type first.  Look for invalid operands to binary + error
179  *      in the compiler output.
180  */
181 
182 #if 0
183 #undef atop_32
184 #undef ptoa_32
185 #undef round_page_32
186 #undef trunc_page_32
187 #undef atop_64
188 #undef ptoa_64
189 #undef round_page_64
190 #undef trunc_page_64
191 
192 #ifndef __cplusplus
193 
194 #define atop_32(x) \
195     (__builtin_choose_expr (sizeof(x) != sizeof(uint64_t), \
196 	(*(long *)0), \
197 	(0UL)) = 0)
198 
199 #define ptoa_32(x) \
200     (__builtin_choose_expr (sizeof(x) != sizeof(uint64_t), \
201 	(*(long *)0), \
202 	(0UL)) = 0)
203 
204 #define round_page_32(x) \
205     (__builtin_choose_expr (sizeof(x) != sizeof(uint64_t), \
206 	(*(long *)0), \
207 	(0UL)) = 0)
208 
209 #define trunc_page_32(x) \
210     (__builtin_choose_expr (sizeof(x) != sizeof(uint64_t), \
211 	(*(long *)0), \
212 	(0UL)) = 0)
213 #else
214 
215 #define atop_32(x) (0)
216 #define ptoa_32(x) (0)
217 #define round_page_32(x) (0)
218 #define trunc_page_32(x) (0)
219 
220 #endif /* ! __cplusplus */
221 
222 #define atop_64(x) ((uint64_t)((x) + (uint8_t *)0))
223 #define ptoa_64(x) ((uint64_t)((x) + (uint8_t *)0))
224 #define round_page_64(x) ((uint64_t)((x) + (uint8_t *)0))
225 #define trunc_page_64(x) ((uint64_t)((x) + (uint8_t *)0))
226 
227 #endif
228 
229 /*
230  *	Determine whether an address is page-aligned, or a count is
231  *	an exact page multiple.
232  */
233 
234 #define page_aligned(x) (((x) & PAGE_MASK) == 0)
235 
236 extern vm_size_t        mem_size;               /* 32-bit size of memory - limited by maxmem - deprecated */
237 extern uint64_t         max_mem;                /* 64-bit size of memory - limited by maxmem */
238 
239 /*
240  * The VM compressor pager uses 32-bit page numbers, so this limits the size
241  * of anonymous memory objects to 0xffffffff pages.
242  * When we need to allocate a chunk of anonymous memory over that size,
243  * we have to allocate more than one chunk.
244  */
245 #define ANON_MAX_PAGES   0xFFFFFFFFULL
246 #define ANON_MAX_SIZE (ANON_MAX_PAGES << PAGE_SHIFT)
247 /*
248  * Work-around for <rdar://problem/6626493>
249  * Break large anonymous memory areas into 128MB chunks to alleviate
250  * the cost of copying when copy-on-write is not possible because a small
251  * portion of it being wired.
252  */
253 #define ANON_CHUNK_SIZE (128ULL * 1024 * 1024) /* 128MB */
254 
255 /*
256  * The 'medium' malloc allocator would like its regions
257  * to be chunked up into MALLOC_MEDIUM_CHUNK_SIZE chunks
258  * and backed by different objects. This avoids contention
259  * on a single large object and showed solid improvements on high
260  * core machines with workloads involving video and graphics processing.
261  */
262 #define MALLOC_MEDIUM_CHUNK_SIZE (8ULL * 1024 * 1024) /* 8 MB */
263 
264 #ifdef KERNEL_PRIVATE
265 extern uint64_t         sane_size;              /* Memory size to use for defaults calculations */
266 #endif /* KERNEL_PRIVATE */
267 
268 #ifdef  XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
269 
270 #include <kern/debug.h>
271 
272 extern uint64_t         mem_actual;             /* 64-bit size of memory - not limited by maxmem */
273 extern uint64_t         max_mem_actual;         /* Size of physical memory adjusted by maxmem */
274 extern addr64_t         vm_last_addr;           /* Highest kernel virtual address known to the VM system */
275 
276 extern const vm_offset_t        vm_min_kernel_address;
277 extern const vm_offset_t        vm_max_kernel_address;
278 
279 extern vm_offset_t              vm_kernel_stext;
280 extern vm_offset_t              vm_kernel_etext;
281 extern vm_offset_t              vm_kernel_slid_base;
282 extern vm_offset_t              vm_kernel_slid_top;
283 extern vm_offset_t              vm_kernel_slide;
284 
285 
286 extern vm_offset_t              vm_kernel_addrperm;
287 extern vm_offset_t              vm_kext_base;
288 extern vm_offset_t              vm_kext_top;
289 extern vm_offset_t              vm_kernel_base;
290 extern vm_offset_t              vm_kernel_top;
291 extern vm_offset_t              vm_hib_base;
292 
293 extern vm_offset_t              vm_kernel_builtinkmod_text;
294 extern vm_offset_t              vm_kernel_builtinkmod_text_end;
295 
296 /**
297  * While these function's implementations are machine specific, due to the need
298  * to prevent header file circular dependencies, they need to be externed here
299  * for usage in the sliding/unsliding macros.
300  */
301 __BEGIN_DECLS
302 vm_offset_t ml_static_slide(vm_offset_t vaddr);
303 vm_offset_t ml_static_unslide(vm_offset_t vaddr);
304 __END_DECLS
305 
306 /**
307  * Determine whether a given address is an address within a static region (i.e.,
308  * coming from TEXT or DATA) that was slid during boot. Addresses of this type
309  * should have the slide removed before exposing them to userspace so as to not
310  * leak the slide itself to userspace.
311  *
312  * @param addr The virtual address to check.
313  *
314  * @return True if the address is a static/slid kernel address, false otherwise.
315  */
316 static inline bool
vm_is_addr_slid(vm_offset_t addr)317 vm_is_addr_slid(vm_offset_t addr)
318 {
319 	const vm_offset_t stripped_addr = (vm_offset_t)VM_KERNEL_STRIP_PTR(addr);
320 	const bool is_slid_kern_addr =
321 	    (stripped_addr >= vm_kernel_slid_base) && (stripped_addr < vm_kernel_slid_top);
322 
323 	return is_slid_kern_addr;
324 }
325 
326 #define VM_KERNEL_IS_SLID(_o) (vm_is_addr_slid((vm_offset_t)(_o)))
327 
328 #define VM_KERNEL_SLIDE(_u) (ml_static_slide((vm_offset_t)(_u)))
329 
330 /*
331  * The following macros are to be used when exposing kernel addresses to
332  * userspace via any of the various debug or info facilities that might exist
333  * (e.g. stackshot, proc_info syscall, etc.). It is important to understand
334  * the goal of each macro and choose the right one depending on what you are
335  * trying to do. Misuse of these macros can result in critical data leaks
336  * which in turn lead to all sorts of system vulnerabilities. It is invalid to
337  * call these macros on a non-kernel address (NULL is allowed).
338  *
339  * VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE:
340  *     Use this macro when you are exposing an address to userspace which is
341  *     *guaranteed* to be a "static" kernel or kext address (i.e. coming from text
342  *     or data sections). These are the addresses which get "slid" via ASLR on
343  *     kernel or kext load, and it's precisely the slide value we are trying to
344  *     protect from userspace.
345  *
346  * VM_KERNEL_ADDRHIDE:
347  *     Use when exposing an address for internal purposes: debugging, tracing,
348  *     etc. The address will be unslid if necessary. Other addresses will be
349  *     hidden on customer builds, and unmodified on internal builds.
350  *
351  * VM_KERNEL_ADDRHASH:
352  *     Use this macro when exposing a kernel address to userspace on customer
353  *     builds. The address can be from the static kernel or kext regions, or the
354  *     kernel heap. The address will be unslid or hashed as appropriate.
355  *
356  *
357  * ** SECURITY WARNING: The following macros can leak kernel secrets.
358  *                      Use *only* in performance *critical* code.
359  *
360  * VM_KERNEL_ADDRPERM:
361  * VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM:
362  *     Use these macros when exposing a kernel address to userspace on customer
363  *     builds. The address can be from the static kernel or kext regions, or the
364  *     kernel heap. The address will be unslid or permuted as appropriate.
365  *
366  * Nesting of these macros should be considered invalid.
367  */
368 
369 #define __DO_UNSLIDE(_v) (ml_static_unslide((vm_offset_t)VM_KERNEL_STRIP_PTR(_v)))
370 
371 #if DEBUG || DEVELOPMENT
372 #define VM_KERNEL_ADDRHIDE(_v) (VM_KERNEL_IS_SLID(_v) ? __DO_UNSLIDE(_v) : (vm_address_t)VM_KERNEL_STRIP_PTR(_v))
373 #else
374 #define VM_KERNEL_ADDRHIDE(_v) (VM_KERNEL_IS_SLID(_v) ? __DO_UNSLIDE(_v) : (vm_address_t)0)
375 #endif /* DEBUG || DEVELOPMENT */
376 
377 #define VM_KERNEL_ADDRHASH(_v) vm_kernel_addrhash((vm_offset_t)(_v))
378 
379 #define VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(_v) ({ \
380 	        VM_KERNEL_IS_SLID(_v) ? __DO_UNSLIDE(_v) : \
381 	        VM_KERNEL_ADDRESS(_v) ? ((vm_offset_t)VM_KERNEL_STRIP_PTR(_v) + vm_kernel_addrperm) : \
382 	        (vm_offset_t)VM_KERNEL_STRIP_PTR(_v); \
383 	})
384 
385 #define VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE(_v) ({ \
386 	        VM_KERNEL_IS_SLID(_v) ? __DO_UNSLIDE(_v) : (vm_offset_t)0; \
387 	})
388 
389 #define VM_KERNEL_ADDRPERM(_v) VM_KERNEL_UNSLIDE_OR_PERM(_v)
390 
391 #undef mach_vm_round_page
392 #undef round_page
393 #undef round_page_32
394 #undef round_page_64
395 
396 static inline int
mach_vm_size_unit(mach_vm_size_t size)397 mach_vm_size_unit(mach_vm_size_t size)
398 {
399 	uint32_t bits = 64u - (uint32_t)__builtin_clzll((size / 10) | 1);
400 
401 	return "BKMGTPE"[bits / 10];
402 }
403 
404 static inline uint32_t
mach_vm_size_pretty(mach_vm_size_t size)405 mach_vm_size_pretty(mach_vm_size_t size)
406 {
407 	uint32_t bits = 64u - (uint32_t)__builtin_clzll((size / 10) | 1);
408 
409 	return (uint32_t)(size >> (bits - bits % 10));
410 }
411 
412 static inline mach_vm_offset_t
mach_vm_round_page(mach_vm_offset_t x)413 mach_vm_round_page(mach_vm_offset_t x)
414 {
415 	if (round_page_overflow(x, &x)) {
416 		panic("overflow detected");
417 	}
418 	return x;
419 }
420 
421 static inline vm_offset_t
round_page(vm_offset_t x)422 round_page(vm_offset_t x)
423 {
424 	if (round_page_overflow(x, &x)) {
425 		panic("overflow detected");
426 	}
427 	return x;
428 }
429 
430 static inline mach_vm_offset_t
round_page_64(mach_vm_offset_t x)431 round_page_64(mach_vm_offset_t x)
432 {
433 	if (round_page_overflow(x, &x)) {
434 		panic("overflow detected");
435 	}
436 	return x;
437 }
438 
439 static inline uint32_t
round_page_32(uint32_t x)440 round_page_32(uint32_t x)
441 {
442 	if (round_page_overflow(x, &x)) {
443 		panic("overflow detected");
444 	}
445 	return x;
446 }
447 
448 
449 /*!
450  * @typedef vm_packing_params_t
451  *
452  * @brief
453  * Data structure representing the packing parameters for a given packed pointer
454  * encoding.
455  *
456  * @discussion
457  * Several data structures wish to pack their pointers on less than 64bits
458  * on LP64 in order to save memory.
459  *
460  * Adopters are supposed to define 3 macros:
461  * - @c *_BITS:  number of storage bits used for the packing,
462  * - @c *_SHIFT: number of non significant low bits (expected to be 0),
463  * - @c *_BASE:  the base against which to encode.
464  *
465  * The encoding is a no-op when @c *_BITS is equal to @c __WORDSIZE and
466  * @c *_SHIFT is 0.
467  *
468  *
469  * The convenience macro @c VM_PACKING_PARAMS can be used to create
470  * a @c vm_packing_params_t structure out of those definitions.
471  *
472  * It is customary to declare a constant global per scheme for the sake
473  * of debuggers to be able to dynamically decide how to unpack various schemes.
474  *
475  *
476  * This uses 2 possible schemes (who both preserve @c NULL):
477  *
478  * 1. When the storage bits and shift are sufficiently large (strictly more than
479  *    VM_KERNEL_POINTER_SIGNIFICANT_BITS), a sign-extension scheme can be used.
480  *
481  *    This allows to represent any kernel pointer.
482  *
483  * 2. Else, a base-relative scheme can be used, typical bases are:
484  *
485  *     - @c KERNEL_PMAP_HEAP_RANGE_START when only pointers to heap (zone)
486  *       allocated objects need to be packed,
487  *
488  *     - @c VM_MIN_KERNEL_AND_KEXT_ADDRESS when pointers to kernel globals also
489  *       need this.
490  *
491  *    When such an ecoding is used, @c zone_restricted_va_max() must be taught
492  *    about it.
493  */
494 typedef struct vm_packing_params {
495 	vm_offset_t vmpp_base;
496 	uint8_t     vmpp_bits;
497 	uint8_t     vmpp_shift;
498 	bool        vmpp_base_relative;
499 } vm_packing_params_t;
500 
501 
502 /*!
503  * @macro VM_PACKING_IS_BASE_RELATIVE
504  *
505  * @brief
506  * Whether the packing scheme with those parameters will be base-relative.
507  */
508 #define VM_PACKING_IS_BASE_RELATIVE(ns) \
509 	(ns##_BITS + ns##_SHIFT <= VM_KERNEL_POINTER_SIGNIFICANT_BITS)
510 
511 
512 /*!
513  * @macro VM_PACKING_PARAMS
514  *
515  * @brief
516  * Constructs a @c vm_packing_params_t structure based on the convention that
517  * macros with the @c _BASE, @c _BITS and @c _SHIFT suffixes have been defined
518  * to the proper values.
519  */
520 #define VM_PACKING_PARAMS(ns) \
521 	(vm_packing_params_t){ \
522 	    .vmpp_base  = ns##_BASE, \
523 	    .vmpp_bits  = ns##_BITS, \
524 	    .vmpp_shift = ns##_SHIFT, \
525 	    .vmpp_base_relative = VM_PACKING_IS_BASE_RELATIVE(ns), \
526 	}
527 
528 /**
529  * @function vm_pack_pointer
530  *
531  * @brief
532  * Packs a pointer according to the specified parameters.
533  *
534  * @discussion
535  * The convenience @c VM_PACK_POINTER macro allows to synthesize
536  * the @c params argument.
537  *
538  * @param ptr           The pointer to pack.
539  * @param params        The encoding parameters.
540  * @returns             The packed pointer.
541  */
542 static inline vm_offset_t
vm_pack_pointer(vm_offset_t ptr,vm_packing_params_t params)543 vm_pack_pointer(vm_offset_t ptr, vm_packing_params_t params)
544 {
545 	if (!params.vmpp_base_relative) {
546 		return ptr >> params.vmpp_shift;
547 	}
548 	if (ptr) {
549 		return (ptr - params.vmpp_base) >> params.vmpp_shift;
550 	}
551 	return (vm_offset_t)0;
552 }
553 #define VM_PACK_POINTER(ptr, ns) \
554 	vm_pack_pointer(ptr, VM_PACKING_PARAMS(ns))
555 
556 /**
557  * @function vm_unpack_pointer
558  *
559  * @brief
560  * Unpacks a pointer packed with @c vm_pack_pointer().
561  *
562  * @discussion
563  * The convenience @c VM_UNPACK_POINTER macro allows to synthesize
564  * the @c params argument.
565  *
566  * @param packed        The packed value to decode.
567  * @param params        The encoding parameters.
568  * @returns             The unpacked pointer.
569  */
570 static inline vm_offset_t
vm_unpack_pointer(vm_offset_t packed,vm_packing_params_t params)571 vm_unpack_pointer(vm_offset_t packed, vm_packing_params_t params)
572 {
573 	if (!params.vmpp_base_relative) {
574 		intptr_t addr = (intptr_t)packed;
575 		addr <<= __WORDSIZE - params.vmpp_bits;
576 		addr >>= __WORDSIZE - params.vmpp_bits - params.vmpp_shift;
577 		return (vm_offset_t)addr;
578 	}
579 	if (packed) {
580 		return (packed << params.vmpp_shift) + params.vmpp_base;
581 	}
582 	return (vm_offset_t)0;
583 }
584 #define VM_UNPACK_POINTER(packed, ns) \
585 	vm_unpack_pointer(packed, VM_PACKING_PARAMS(ns))
586 
587 /**
588  * @function vm_packing_max_packable
589  *
590  * @brief
591  * Returns the largest packable address for the given parameters.
592  *
593  * @discussion
594  * The convenience @c VM_PACKING_MAX_PACKABLE macro allows to synthesize
595  * the @c params argument.
596  *
597  * @param params        The encoding parameters.
598  * @returns             The largest packable pointer.
599  */
600 static inline vm_offset_t
vm_packing_max_packable(vm_packing_params_t params)601 vm_packing_max_packable(vm_packing_params_t params)
602 {
603 	if (!params.vmpp_base_relative) {
604 		return VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS;
605 	}
606 
607 	vm_offset_t ptr = params.vmpp_base +
608 	    (((1ul << params.vmpp_bits) - 1) << params.vmpp_shift);
609 
610 	return ptr >= params.vmpp_base ? ptr : VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS;
611 }
612 #define VM_PACKING_MAX_PACKABLE(ns) \
613 	vm_packing_max_packable(VM_PACKING_PARAMS(ns))
614 
615 
616 __abortlike
617 extern void
618 vm_packing_pointer_invalid(vm_offset_t ptr, vm_packing_params_t params);
619 
620 /**
621  * @function vm_verify_pointer_packable
622  *
623  * @brief
624  * Panics if the specified pointer cannot be packed with the specified
625  * parameters.
626  *
627  * @discussion
628  * The convenience @c VM_VERIFY_POINTER_PACKABLE macro allows to synthesize
629  * the @c params argument.
630  *
631  * The convenience @c VM_ASSERT_POINTER_PACKABLE macro allows to synthesize
632  * the @c params argument, and is erased when assertions are disabled.
633  *
634  * @param ptr           The packed value to decode.
635  * @param params        The encoding parameters.
636  */
637 static inline void
vm_verify_pointer_packable(vm_offset_t ptr,vm_packing_params_t params)638 vm_verify_pointer_packable(vm_offset_t ptr, vm_packing_params_t params)
639 {
640 	if (ptr & ((1ul << params.vmpp_shift) - 1)) {
641 		vm_packing_pointer_invalid(ptr, params);
642 	}
643 	if (!params.vmpp_base_relative || ptr == 0) {
644 		return;
645 	}
646 	if (ptr <= params.vmpp_base || ptr > vm_packing_max_packable(params)) {
647 		vm_packing_pointer_invalid(ptr, params);
648 	}
649 }
650 #define VM_VERIFY_POINTER_PACKABLE(ptr, ns) \
651 	vm_verify_pointer_packable(ptr, VM_PACKING_PARAMS(ns))
652 
653 #if DEBUG || DEVELOPMENT
654 #define VM_ASSERT_POINTER_PACKABLE(ptr, ns) \
655     VM_VERIFY_POINTER_PACKABLE(ptr, ns)
656 #else
657 #define VM_ASSERT_POINTER_PACKABLE(ptr, ns) ((void)(ptr))
658 #endif
659 
660 /**
661  * @function vm_verify_pointer_range
662  *
663  * @brief
664  * Panics if some pointers in the specified range can't be packed with the
665  * specified parameters.
666  *
667  * @param subsystem     The subsystem requiring the packing.
668  * @param min_address   The smallest address of the range.
669  * @param max_address   The largest address of the range.
670  * @param params        The encoding parameters.
671  */
672 extern void
673 vm_packing_verify_range(
674 	const char         *subsystem,
675 	vm_offset_t         min_address,
676 	vm_offset_t         max_address,
677 	vm_packing_params_t params);
678 
679 #endif  /* XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE */
680 
681 extern vm_size_t        page_size;
682 extern vm_size_t        page_mask;
683 extern int              page_shift;
684 
685 /* We need a way to get rid of compiler warnings when we cast from   */
686 /* a 64 bit value to an address (which may be 32 bits or 64-bits).   */
687 /* An intptr_t is used convert the value to the right precision, and */
688 /* then to an address. This macro is also used to convert addresses  */
689 /* to 32-bit integers, which is a hard failure for a 64-bit kernel   */
690 #include <stdint.h>
691 #ifndef __CAST_DOWN_CHECK
692 #define __CAST_DOWN_CHECK
693 
694 #define CAST_DOWN( type, addr ) \
695     ( ((type)((uintptr_t) (addr)/(sizeof(type) < sizeof(uintptr_t) ? 0 : 1))) )
696 
697 #define CAST_DOWN_EXPLICIT( type, addr )  ( ((type)((uintptr_t) (addr))) )
698 
699 #endif /* __CAST_DOWN_CHECK */
700 
701 #endif  /* ASSEMBLER */
702 
703 #endif  /* KERNEL */
704 
705 #endif  /* _MACH_VM_PARAM_H_ */
706