1.\" $NetBSD: _exit.2,v 1.6 1995/02/27 12:31:34 cgd Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1993 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 15.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 16.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 17.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 18.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20.\" without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.\" @(#)_exit.2 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 35.\" 36.Dd June 4, 1993 37.Dt EXIT 2 38.Os BSD 4 39.Sh NAME 40.Nm _exit 41.Nd terminate the calling process 42.Sh SYNOPSIS 43.Fd #include <unistd.h> 44.Ft void 45.Fo _exit 46.Fa "int status" 47.Fc 48.Sh DESCRIPTION 49The 50.Fn _exit 51function 52terminates a process, with the following consequences: 53.Bl -bullet 54.It 55All of the descriptors that were open in the calling process are closed. 56This may entail delays; for example, waiting for output to drain. 57A process in this state may not be killed, as it is already dying. 58.It 59If the parent process of the calling process has an outstanding 60.Xr wait 61call 62or catches the 63.Dv SIGCHLD 64signal, 65it is notified of the calling process's termination; 66the 67.Em status 68is set as defined by 69.Xr wait 2 . 70.It 71The parent process-ID of all of the calling process's existing child 72processes are set to 1; the initialization process 73(see the DEFINITIONS section of 74.Xr intro 2 ) 75inherits each of these processes. 76.It 77If the termination of the process causes any process group 78to become orphaned (usually because the parents of all members 79of the group have now exited; see 80.Dq orphaned process group 81in 82.Xr intro 2 ) , 83and if any member of the orphaned group is stopped, 84the 85.Dv SIGHUP 86signal and the 87.Dv SIGCONT 88signal are sent to all members of the newly-orphaned process group. 89.It 90If the process is a controlling process (see 91.Xr intro 2 ) , 92the 93.Dv SIGHUP 94signal is sent to the foreground process group of the controlling terminal. 95All current access to the controlling terminal is revoked. 96.El 97.Pp 98Most C programs call the library routine 99.Xr exit 3 , 100which flushes buffers, closes streams, unlinks temporary files, etc., 101before 102calling 103.Fn _exit . 104.Sh RETURN VALUE 105.Fn _exit 106can never return. 107.Sh SEE ALSO 108.Xr fork 2 , 109.Xr sigaction 2 , 110.Xr wait 2 , 111.Xr exit 3 112.Sh STANDARDS 113The 114.Nm _exit 115function is defined by 116.St -p1003.1-88 . 117