xref: /xnu-8796.141.3/osfmk/vm/vm_dyld_pager.c (revision 1b191cb58250d0705d8a51287127505aa4bc0789)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2021 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
3  *
4  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
5  *
6  * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
7  * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
8  * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
9  * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License
10  * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
11  * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
12  * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
13  * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
14  *
15  * Please obtain a copy of the License at
16  * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
17  *
18  * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
19  * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
20  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
21  * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
22  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
23  * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
24  * limitations under the License.
25  *
26  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
27  */
28 
29 #include <sys/errno.h>
30 
31 #include <mach/mach_types.h>
32 #include <mach/mach_traps.h>
33 #include <mach/host_priv.h>
34 #include <mach/kern_return.h>
35 #include <mach/memory_object_control.h>
36 #include <mach/memory_object_types.h>
37 #include <mach/port.h>
38 #include <mach/policy.h>
39 #include <mach/upl.h>
40 #include <mach/thread_act.h>
41 #include <mach/mach_vm.h>
42 
43 #include <kern/host.h>
44 #include <kern/kalloc.h>
45 #include <kern/thread.h>
46 #include <kern/ipc_kobject.h>
47 
48 #include <ipc/ipc_port.h>
49 #include <ipc/ipc_space.h>
50 
51 #include <vm/memory_object.h>
52 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
53 #include <vm/vm_fault.h>
54 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
55 #include <vm/vm_pageout.h>
56 #include <vm/vm_protos.h>
57 #include <vm/vm_dyld_pager.h>
58 
59 #include <sys/kdebug_triage.h>
60 #include <mach-o/fixup-chains.h>
61 #if defined(HAS_APPLE_PAC)
62 #include <ptrauth.h>
63 #include <arm/misc_protos.h>
64 #endif /* defined(HAS_APPLE_PAC) */
65 
66 /*
67  * DYLD page in linking pager.
68  *
69  * This external memory manager (EMM) applies dyld fixup to data
70  * pages, allowing the modified page to appear "clean".
71  *
72  * The modified pages will never be dirtied, so the memory manager doesn't
73  * need to handle page-out requests (from memory_object_data_return()).  The
74  * pages are mapped copy-on-write, so that the originals stay clean.
75  */
76 
77 /* forward declarations */
78 typedef struct dyld_pager *dyld_pager_t;
79 static void dyld_pager_reference(memory_object_t mem_obj);
80 static void dyld_pager_deallocate(memory_object_t mem_obj);
81 static void dyld_pager_deallocate_internal(dyld_pager_t pager, bool locked);
82 static kern_return_t dyld_pager_init(memory_object_t mem_obj,
83     memory_object_control_t control,
84     memory_object_cluster_size_t pg_size);
85 static kern_return_t dyld_pager_terminate(memory_object_t mem_obj);
86 static void dyld_pager_terminate_internal(dyld_pager_t pager);
87 static kern_return_t dyld_pager_data_request(memory_object_t mem_obj,
88     memory_object_offset_t offset,
89     memory_object_cluster_size_t length,
90     vm_prot_t protection_required,
91     memory_object_fault_info_t fault_info);
92 static kern_return_t dyld_pager_data_return(memory_object_t mem_obj,
93     memory_object_offset_t offset,
94     memory_object_cluster_size_t      data_cnt,
95     memory_object_offset_t *resid_offset,
96     int *io_error,
97     boolean_t dirty,
98     boolean_t kernel_copy,
99     int upl_flags);
100 static kern_return_t dyld_pager_data_initialize(memory_object_t mem_obj,
101     memory_object_offset_t offset,
102     memory_object_cluster_size_t data_cnt);
103 static kern_return_t dyld_pager_map(memory_object_t mem_obj,
104     vm_prot_t prot);
105 static kern_return_t dyld_pager_last_unmap(memory_object_t mem_obj);
106 static boolean_t dyld_pager_backing_object(
107 	memory_object_t mem_obj,
108 	memory_object_offset_t mem_obj_offset,
109 	vm_object_t *backing_object,
110 	vm_object_offset_t *backing_offset);
111 static dyld_pager_t dyld_pager_lookup(memory_object_t  mem_obj);
112 
113 /*
114  * Vector of VM operations for this EMM.
115  * These routines are invoked by VM via the memory_object_*() interfaces.
116  */
117 const struct memory_object_pager_ops dyld_pager_ops = {
118 	.memory_object_reference = dyld_pager_reference,
119 	.memory_object_deallocate = dyld_pager_deallocate,
120 	.memory_object_init = dyld_pager_init,
121 	.memory_object_terminate = dyld_pager_terminate,
122 	.memory_object_data_request = dyld_pager_data_request,
123 	.memory_object_data_return = dyld_pager_data_return,
124 	.memory_object_data_initialize = dyld_pager_data_initialize,
125 	.memory_object_map = dyld_pager_map,
126 	.memory_object_last_unmap = dyld_pager_last_unmap,
127 	.memory_object_backing_object = dyld_pager_backing_object,
128 	.memory_object_pager_name = "dyld"
129 };
130 
131 /*
132  * The "dyld_pager" structure. We create one of these for each use of
133  * map_with_linking_np() that dyld uses.
134  */
135 struct dyld_pager {
136 	struct memory_object    dyld_header;          /* mandatory generic header */
137 
138 #if MEMORY_OBJECT_HAS_REFCOUNT
139 #define dyld_ref_count           dyld_header.mo_ref
140 #else
141 	os_ref_atomic_t         dyld_ref_count;      /* active uses */
142 #endif
143 	queue_chain_t           dyld_pager_queue;    /* next & prev pagers */
144 	bool                    dyld_is_mapped;      /* has active mappings */
145 	bool                    dyld_is_ready;       /* is this pager ready? */
146 	vm_object_t             dyld_backing_object; /* VM object for shared cache */
147 	void                    *dyld_link_info;
148 	uint32_t                dyld_link_info_size;
149 	uint32_t                dyld_num_range;
150 	memory_object_offset_t  dyld_file_offset[MWL_MAX_REGION_COUNT];
151 	mach_vm_address_t       dyld_address[MWL_MAX_REGION_COUNT];
152 	mach_vm_size_t          dyld_size[MWL_MAX_REGION_COUNT];
153 #if defined(HAS_APPLE_PAC)
154 	uint64_t                dyld_a_key;
155 #endif /* defined(HAS_APPLE_PAC) */
156 };
157 
158 queue_head_t dyld_pager_queue = QUEUE_HEAD_INITIALIZER(dyld_pager_queue);
159 
160 /*
161  * "dyld_pager_lock" for counters, ref counting, etc.
162  */
163 LCK_GRP_DECLARE(dyld_pager_lck_grp, "dyld_pager");
164 LCK_MTX_DECLARE(dyld_pager_lock, &dyld_pager_lck_grp);
165 
166 /*
167  * Statistics & counters.
168  */
169 uint32_t dyld_pager_count = 0;
170 uint32_t dyld_pager_count_max = 0;
171 
172 /*
173  * dyld_pager_dequeue()
174  *
175  * Removes a pager from the list of pagers.
176  *
177  * The caller must hold "dyld_pager".
178  */
179 static void
dyld_pager_dequeue(__unused dyld_pager_t pager)180 dyld_pager_dequeue(
181 	__unused dyld_pager_t pager)
182 {
183 	queue_remove(&dyld_pager_queue,
184 	    pager,
185 	    dyld_pager_t,
186 	    dyld_pager_queue);
187 	pager->dyld_pager_queue.next = NULL;
188 	pager->dyld_pager_queue.prev = NULL;
189 	dyld_pager_count--;
190 }
191 
192 /*
193  * dyld_pager_init()
194  *
195  * Initialize the memory object and makes it ready to be used and mapped.
196  */
197 static kern_return_t
dyld_pager_init(memory_object_t mem_obj,memory_object_control_t control,__unused memory_object_cluster_size_t pg_size)198 dyld_pager_init(
199 	memory_object_t                 mem_obj,
200 	memory_object_control_t         control,
201 	__unused
202 	memory_object_cluster_size_t    pg_size)
203 {
204 	dyld_pager_t                    pager;
205 	kern_return_t                   kr;
206 	memory_object_attr_info_data_t  attributes;
207 
208 	if (control == MEMORY_OBJECT_CONTROL_NULL) {
209 		printf("%s(): control NULL\n", __func__);
210 		return KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
211 	}
212 
213 	pager = dyld_pager_lookup(mem_obj);
214 
215 	memory_object_control_reference(control);
216 
217 	pager->dyld_header.mo_control = control;
218 
219 	attributes.copy_strategy = MEMORY_OBJECT_COPY_DELAY;
220 	attributes.cluster_size = (1 << (PAGE_SHIFT));
221 	attributes.may_cache_object = FALSE;
222 	attributes.temporary = TRUE;
223 
224 	kr = memory_object_change_attributes(
225 		control,
226 		MEMORY_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTE_INFO,
227 		(memory_object_info_t) &attributes,
228 		MEMORY_OBJECT_ATTR_INFO_COUNT);
229 	if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
230 		panic("dyld_pager_init: " "memory_object_change_attributes() failed");
231 	}
232 
233 	return KERN_SUCCESS;
234 }
235 
236 /*
237  * dyld_data_return()
238  *
239  * A page-out request from VM -- should never happen so panic.
240  */
241 static kern_return_t
dyld_pager_data_return(__unused memory_object_t mem_obj,__unused memory_object_offset_t offset,__unused memory_object_cluster_size_t data_cnt,__unused memory_object_offset_t * resid_offset,__unused int * io_error,__unused boolean_t dirty,__unused boolean_t kernel_copy,__unused int upl_flags)242 dyld_pager_data_return(
243 	__unused memory_object_t        mem_obj,
244 	__unused memory_object_offset_t offset,
245 	__unused memory_object_cluster_size_t data_cnt,
246 	__unused memory_object_offset_t *resid_offset,
247 	__unused int                    *io_error,
248 	__unused boolean_t              dirty,
249 	__unused boolean_t              kernel_copy,
250 	__unused int                    upl_flags)
251 {
252 	panic("dyld_pager_data_return: should never happen!");
253 	return KERN_FAILURE;
254 }
255 
256 static kern_return_t
dyld_pager_data_initialize(__unused memory_object_t mem_obj,__unused memory_object_offset_t offset,__unused memory_object_cluster_size_t data_cnt)257 dyld_pager_data_initialize(
258 	__unused memory_object_t        mem_obj,
259 	__unused memory_object_offset_t offset,
260 	__unused memory_object_cluster_size_t data_cnt)
261 {
262 	panic("dyld_pager_data_initialize: should never happen");
263 	return KERN_FAILURE;
264 }
265 
266 
267 /*
268  * Apply fixups to a page used by a 64 bit process.
269  */
270 static kern_return_t
fixupPage64(vm_offset_t contents,vm_offset_t end_contents,void * link_info,struct dyld_chained_starts_in_segment * segInfo,uint32_t pageIndex,bool offsetBased)271 fixupPage64(
272 	vm_offset_t                           contents,
273 	vm_offset_t                           end_contents,
274 	void                                  *link_info,
275 	struct dyld_chained_starts_in_segment *segInfo,
276 	uint32_t                              pageIndex,
277 	bool                                  offsetBased)
278 {
279 	struct mwl_info_hdr                   *hdr = (struct mwl_info_hdr *)link_info;
280 	uint64_t                              *bindsArray  = (uint64_t *)((uintptr_t)hdr + hdr->mwli_binds_offset);
281 	uint16_t                              firstStartOffset = segInfo->page_start[pageIndex];
282 
283 	/*
284 	 * Done if no fixups on the page
285 	 */
286 	if (firstStartOffset == DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_START_NONE) {
287 		return KERN_SUCCESS;
288 	}
289 
290 	/*
291 	 * walk the chain
292 	 */
293 	uint64_t *chain  = (uint64_t *)(contents + firstStartOffset);
294 	uint64_t targetAdjust = (offsetBased ? hdr->mwli_image_address : hdr->mwli_slide);
295 	uint64_t delta = 0;
296 	do {
297 		if ((uintptr_t)chain < contents || (uintptr_t)chain + sizeof(*chain) > end_contents) {
298 			printf("%s(): chain 0x%llx out of range 0x%llx..0x%llx", __func__,
299 			    (long long)chain, (long long)contents, (long long)end_contents);
300 			return KERN_FAILURE;
301 		}
302 		uint64_t value  = *chain;
303 		bool     isBind = (value & 0x8000000000000000ULL);
304 		delta = (value >> 51) & 0xFFF;
305 		if (isBind) {
306 			uint32_t bindOrdinal = value & 0x00FFFFFF;
307 			if (bindOrdinal >= hdr->mwli_binds_count) {
308 				printf("%s out of range bind ordinal %u (max %u)\n", __func__,
309 				    bindOrdinal, hdr->mwli_binds_count);
310 				return KERN_FAILURE;
311 			}
312 			uint32_t addend = (value >> 24) & 0xFF;
313 			*chain = bindsArray[bindOrdinal] + addend;
314 		} else {
315 			/* is rebase */
316 			uint64_t target = value & 0xFFFFFFFFFULL;
317 			uint64_t high8  = (value >> 36) & 0xFF;
318 			*chain = target + targetAdjust + (high8 << 56);
319 		}
320 		if (delta * 4 >= PAGE_SIZE) {
321 			printf("%s(): delta offset > page size %lld\n", __func__, delta * 4);
322 			return KERN_FAILURE;
323 		}
324 		chain = (uint64_t *)((uintptr_t)chain + (delta * 4)); // 4-byte stride
325 	} while (delta != 0);
326 	return KERN_SUCCESS;
327 }
328 
329 
330 /*
331  * Apply fixups within a page used by a 32 bit process.
332  */
333 static kern_return_t
fixupChain32(uint32_t * chain,vm_offset_t contents,vm_offset_t end_contents,void * link_info,struct dyld_chained_starts_in_segment * segInfo,uint32_t * bindsArray)334 fixupChain32(
335 	uint32_t                              *chain,
336 	vm_offset_t                           contents,
337 	vm_offset_t                           end_contents,
338 	void                                  *link_info,
339 	struct dyld_chained_starts_in_segment *segInfo,
340 	uint32_t                              *bindsArray)
341 {
342 	struct mwl_info_hdr                   *hdr = (struct mwl_info_hdr *)link_info;
343 	uint32_t                              delta = 0;
344 
345 	do {
346 		if ((uintptr_t)chain < contents || (uintptr_t)chain + sizeof(*chain) > end_contents) {
347 			printf("%s(): chain 0x%llx out of range 0x%llx..0x%llx", __func__,
348 			    (long long)chain, (long long)contents, (long long)end_contents);
349 			return KERN_FAILURE;
350 		}
351 		uint32_t value = *chain;
352 		delta = (value >> 26) & 0x1F;
353 		if (value & 0x80000000) {
354 			// is bind
355 			uint32_t bindOrdinal = value & 0x000FFFFF;
356 			if (bindOrdinal >= hdr->mwli_binds_count) {
357 				printf("%s(): out of range bind ordinal %u (max %u)",
358 				    __func__, bindOrdinal, hdr->mwli_binds_count);
359 				return KERN_FAILURE;
360 			}
361 			uint32_t addend = (value >> 20) & 0x3F;
362 			*chain = bindsArray[bindOrdinal] + addend;
363 		} else {
364 			// is rebase
365 			uint32_t target = value & 0x03FFFFFF;
366 			if (target > segInfo->max_valid_pointer) {
367 				// handle non-pointers in chain
368 				uint32_t bias = (0x04000000 + segInfo->max_valid_pointer) / 2;
369 				*chain = target - bias;
370 			} else {
371 				*chain = target + (uint32_t)hdr->mwli_slide;
372 			}
373 		}
374 		chain += delta;
375 	} while (delta != 0);
376 	return KERN_SUCCESS;
377 }
378 
379 
380 /*
381  * Apply fixups to a page used by a 32 bit process.
382  */
383 static kern_return_t
fixupPage32(vm_offset_t contents,vm_offset_t end_contents,void * link_info,uint32_t link_info_size,struct dyld_chained_starts_in_segment * segInfo,uint32_t pageIndex)384 fixupPage32(
385 	vm_offset_t                           contents,
386 	vm_offset_t                           end_contents,
387 	void                                  *link_info,
388 	uint32_t                              link_info_size,
389 	struct dyld_chained_starts_in_segment *segInfo,
390 	uint32_t                              pageIndex)
391 {
392 	struct mwl_info_hdr                   *hdr = (struct mwl_info_hdr  *)link_info;
393 	uint32_t                              *bindsArray = (uint32_t *)((uintptr_t)hdr + hdr->mwli_binds_offset);
394 	uint16_t                              startOffset = segInfo->page_start[pageIndex];
395 
396 	/*
397 	 * done if no fixups
398 	 */
399 	if (startOffset == DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_START_NONE) {
400 		return KERN_SUCCESS;
401 	}
402 
403 	if (startOffset & DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_START_MULTI) {
404 		// some fixups in the page are too far apart, so page has multiple starts
405 		uint32_t overflowIndex = startOffset & ~DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_START_MULTI;
406 		bool chainEnd = false;
407 		while (!chainEnd) {
408 			/*
409 			 * range check against link_info, note +1 to include data we'll dereference
410 			 */
411 			if ((uintptr_t)&segInfo->page_start[overflowIndex + 1] > (uintptr_t)link_info + link_info_size) {
412 				printf("%s(): out of range segInfo->page_start[overflowIndex]", __func__);
413 				return KERN_FAILURE;
414 			}
415 			chainEnd    = (segInfo->page_start[overflowIndex] & DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_START_LAST);
416 			startOffset = (segInfo->page_start[overflowIndex] & ~DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_START_LAST);
417 			uint32_t *chain = (uint32_t *)(contents + startOffset);
418 			fixupChain32(chain, contents, end_contents, link_info, segInfo, bindsArray);
419 			++overflowIndex;
420 		}
421 	} else {
422 		uint32_t *chain = (uint32_t *)(contents + startOffset);
423 		fixupChain32(chain, contents, end_contents, link_info, segInfo, bindsArray);
424 	}
425 	return KERN_SUCCESS;
426 }
427 
428 #if defined(HAS_APPLE_PAC)
429 /*
430  * Sign a pointer needed for fixups.
431  */
432 static kern_return_t
signPointer(uint64_t unsignedAddr,void * loc,bool addrDiv,uint16_t diversity,ptrauth_key key,dyld_pager_t pager,uint64_t * signedAddr)433 signPointer(
434 	uint64_t         unsignedAddr,
435 	void             *loc,
436 	bool             addrDiv,
437 	uint16_t         diversity,
438 	ptrauth_key      key,
439 	dyld_pager_t     pager,
440 	uint64_t         *signedAddr)
441 {
442 	// don't sign NULL
443 	if (unsignedAddr == 0) {
444 		*signedAddr = 0;
445 		return KERN_SUCCESS;
446 	}
447 
448 	uint64_t extendedDiscriminator = diversity;
449 	if (addrDiv) {
450 		extendedDiscriminator = __builtin_ptrauth_blend_discriminator(loc, extendedDiscriminator);
451 	}
452 
453 	switch (key) {
454 	case ptrauth_key_asia:
455 	case ptrauth_key_asda:
456 		if (pager->dyld_a_key == 0 || arm_user_jop_disabled()) {
457 			*signedAddr = unsignedAddr;
458 		} else {
459 			*signedAddr = (uintptr_t)pmap_sign_user_ptr((void *)unsignedAddr, key, extendedDiscriminator, pager->dyld_a_key);
460 		}
461 		break;
462 
463 	default:
464 		printf("%s(): Invalid ptr auth key %d\n", __func__, key);
465 		return KERN_FAILURE;
466 	}
467 	return KERN_SUCCESS;
468 }
469 
470 /*
471  * Apply fixups to a page used by a 64 bit process using pointer authentication.
472  */
473 static kern_return_t
fixupPageAuth64(uint64_t userVA,vm_offset_t contents,vm_offset_t end_contents,dyld_pager_t pager,struct dyld_chained_starts_in_segment * segInfo,uint32_t pageIndex,bool offsetBased)474 fixupPageAuth64(
475 	uint64_t                              userVA,
476 	vm_offset_t                           contents,
477 	vm_offset_t                           end_contents,
478 	dyld_pager_t                          pager,
479 	struct dyld_chained_starts_in_segment *segInfo,
480 	uint32_t                              pageIndex,
481 	bool                                  offsetBased)
482 {
483 	void                 *link_info = pager->dyld_link_info;
484 	uint32_t             link_info_size = pager->dyld_link_info_size;
485 	struct mwl_info_hdr  *hdr = (struct mwl_info_hdr *)link_info;
486 	uint64_t             *bindsArray = (uint64_t*)((uintptr_t)link_info + hdr->mwli_binds_offset);
487 
488 	/*
489 	 * range check against link_info, note +1 to include data we'll dereference
490 	 */
491 	if ((uintptr_t)&segInfo->page_start[pageIndex + 1] > (uintptr_t)link_info + link_info_size) {
492 		printf("%s(): out of range segInfo->page_start[pageIndex]", __func__);
493 		return KERN_FAILURE;
494 	}
495 	uint16_t firstStartOffset = segInfo->page_start[pageIndex];
496 
497 	/*
498 	 * All done if no fixups on the page
499 	 */
500 	if (firstStartOffset == DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_START_NONE) {
501 		return KERN_SUCCESS;
502 	}
503 
504 	/*
505 	 * Walk the chain of offsets to fix up
506 	 */
507 	uint64_t *chain = (uint64_t *)(contents + firstStartOffset);
508 	uint64_t targetAdjust = (offsetBased ? hdr->mwli_image_address : hdr->mwli_slide);
509 	uint64_t delta = 0;
510 	do {
511 		if ((uintptr_t)chain < contents || (uintptr_t)chain + sizeof(*chain) > end_contents) {
512 			printf("%s(): chain 0x%llx out of range 0x%llx..0x%llx", __func__,
513 			    (long long)chain, (long long)contents, (long long)end_contents);
514 			return KERN_FAILURE;
515 		}
516 		uint64_t value = *chain;
517 		delta = (value >> 51) & 0x7FF;
518 		bool isAuth = (value & 0x8000000000000000ULL);
519 		bool isBind = (value & 0x4000000000000000ULL);
520 		if (isAuth) {
521 			ptrauth_key key = (ptrauth_key)((value >> 49) & 0x3);
522 			bool        addrDiv = ((value & (1ULL << 48)) != 0);
523 			uint16_t    diversity = (uint16_t)((value >> 32) & 0xFFFF);
524 			uintptr_t   uVA = userVA + ((uintptr_t)chain - contents);
525 			if (isBind) {
526 				uint32_t bindOrdinal = value & 0x00FFFFFF;
527 				if (bindOrdinal >= hdr->mwli_binds_count) {
528 					printf("%s(): out of range bind ordinal %u (max %u)",
529 					    __func__, bindOrdinal, hdr->mwli_binds_count);
530 					return KERN_FAILURE;
531 				}
532 				if (signPointer(bindsArray[bindOrdinal], (void *)uVA, addrDiv, diversity, key, pager, chain) != KERN_SUCCESS) {
533 					return KERN_FAILURE;
534 				}
535 			} else {
536 				/* note: in auth rebases only have 32-bits, so target is always offset - never vmaddr */
537 				uint64_t target = (value & 0xFFFFFFFF) + hdr->mwli_image_address;
538 				if (signPointer(target, (void *)uVA, addrDiv, diversity, key, pager, chain) != KERN_SUCCESS) {
539 					return KERN_FAILURE;
540 				}
541 			}
542 		} else {
543 			if (isBind) {
544 				uint32_t bindOrdinal = value & 0x00FFFFFF;
545 				if (bindOrdinal >= hdr->mwli_binds_count) {
546 					printf("%s(): out of range bind ordinal %u (max %u)",
547 					    __func__, bindOrdinal, hdr->mwli_binds_count);
548 					return KERN_FAILURE;
549 				} else {
550 					uint64_t addend19 = (value >> 32) & 0x0007FFFF;
551 					if (addend19 & 0x40000) {
552 						addend19 |=  0xFFFFFFFFFFFC0000ULL;
553 					}
554 					*chain = bindsArray[bindOrdinal] + addend19;
555 				}
556 			} else {
557 				uint64_t target = (value & 0x7FFFFFFFFFFULL);
558 				uint64_t high8  = (value << 13) & 0xFF00000000000000ULL;
559 				*chain = target + targetAdjust + high8;
560 			}
561 		}
562 		chain += delta;
563 	} while (delta != 0);
564 	return KERN_SUCCESS;
565 }
566 #endif /* defined(HAS_APPLE_PAC) */
567 
568 
569 /*
570  * Handle dyld fixups for a page.
571  */
572 static kern_return_t
fixup_page(vm_offset_t contents,vm_offset_t end_contents,uint64_t userVA,dyld_pager_t pager)573 fixup_page(
574 	vm_offset_t         contents,
575 	vm_offset_t         end_contents,
576 	uint64_t            userVA,
577 	dyld_pager_t        pager)
578 {
579 	void                                  *link_info = pager->dyld_link_info;
580 	uint32_t                              link_info_size = pager->dyld_link_info_size;
581 	struct mwl_info_hdr                   *hdr = (struct mwl_info_hdr *)link_info;
582 	struct dyld_chained_starts_in_segment *segInfo = NULL;
583 	uint32_t                              pageIndex = 0;
584 	uint32_t                              segIndex;
585 	struct dyld_chained_starts_in_image   *startsInfo;
586 	struct dyld_chained_starts_in_segment *seg;
587 	uint64_t                              segStartAddress;
588 	uint64_t                              segEndAddress;
589 
590 	/*
591 	 * Note this is a linear search done for every page we have to fix up.
592 	 * However, it should be quick as there should only be 2 or 4 segments:
593 	 * - data
594 	 * - data const
595 	 * - data auth (for arm64e)
596 	 * - data const auth (for arm64e)
597 	 */
598 	startsInfo = (struct dyld_chained_starts_in_image *)((uintptr_t)hdr + hdr->mwli_chains_offset);
599 	for (segIndex = 0; segIndex < startsInfo->seg_count; ++segIndex) {
600 		seg = (struct dyld_chained_starts_in_segment *)
601 		    ((uintptr_t)startsInfo + startsInfo->seg_info_offset[segIndex]);
602 
603 		/*
604 		 * ensure we don't go out of bounds of the link_info
605 		 */
606 		if ((uintptr_t)seg + sizeof(*seg) > (uintptr_t)link_info + link_info_size) {
607 			printf("%s(): seg_info out of bounds\n", __func__);
608 			return KERN_FAILURE;
609 		}
610 
611 		segStartAddress = hdr->mwli_image_address + seg->segment_offset;
612 		segEndAddress = segStartAddress + seg->page_count * seg->page_size;
613 		if (segStartAddress <= userVA && userVA < segEndAddress) {
614 			segInfo = seg;
615 			pageIndex = (uint32_t)(userVA - segStartAddress) / PAGE_SIZE;
616 
617 			/* ensure seg->size fits in link_info_size */
618 			if ((uintptr_t)seg + seg->size > (uintptr_t)link_info + link_info_size) {
619 				printf("%s(): seg->size out of bounds\n", __func__);
620 				return KERN_FAILURE;
621 			}
622 			if (seg->size < sizeof(struct dyld_chained_starts_in_segment)) {
623 				printf("%s(): seg->size too small\n", __func__);
624 				return KERN_FAILURE;
625 			}
626 			/* ensure page_count and pageIndex are valid too */
627 			if ((uintptr_t)&seg->page_start[seg->page_count] > (uintptr_t)link_info + link_info_size) {
628 				printf("%s(): seg->page_count out of bounds\n", __func__);
629 				return KERN_FAILURE;
630 			}
631 			if (pageIndex >= seg->page_count) {
632 				printf("%s(): seg->page_count too small\n", __func__);
633 				return KERN_FAILURE;
634 			}
635 
636 			break;
637 		}
638 	}
639 
640 	/*
641 	 * Question for Nick.. or can we make this OK and just return KERN_SUCCESS, nothing to do?
642 	 */
643 	if (segInfo == NULL) {
644 		printf("%s(): No segment for user VA 0x%llx\n", __func__, (long long)userVA);
645 		return KERN_FAILURE;
646 	}
647 
648 	/*
649 	 * Route to the appropriate fixup routine
650 	 */
651 	switch (hdr->mwli_pointer_format) {
652 #if defined(HAS_APPLE_PAC)
653 	case DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_ARM64E:
654 		fixupPageAuth64(userVA, contents, end_contents, pager, segInfo, pageIndex, false);
655 		break;
656 	case DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_ARM64E_USERLAND:
657 	case DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_ARM64E_USERLAND24:
658 		fixupPageAuth64(userVA, contents, end_contents, pager, segInfo, pageIndex, true);
659 		break;
660 #endif /* defined(HAS_APPLE_PAC) */
661 	case DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_64:
662 		fixupPage64(contents, end_contents, link_info, segInfo, pageIndex, false);
663 		break;
664 	case DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_64_OFFSET:
665 		fixupPage64(contents, end_contents, link_info, segInfo, pageIndex, true);
666 		break;
667 	case DYLD_CHAINED_PTR_32:
668 		fixupPage32(contents, end_contents, link_info, link_info_size, segInfo, pageIndex);
669 		break;
670 	default:
671 		printf("%s(): unknown pointer_format %d\n", __func__, hdr->mwli_pointer_format);
672 		return KERN_FAILURE;
673 	}
674 	return KERN_SUCCESS;
675 }
676 
677 /*
678  * dyld_pager_data_request()
679  *
680  * Handles page-in requests from VM.
681  */
682 static kern_return_t
dyld_pager_data_request(memory_object_t mem_obj,memory_object_offset_t offset,memory_object_cluster_size_t length,__unused vm_prot_t protection_required,memory_object_fault_info_t mo_fault_info)683 dyld_pager_data_request(
684 	memory_object_t              mem_obj,
685 	memory_object_offset_t       offset,
686 	memory_object_cluster_size_t length,
687 	__unused vm_prot_t           protection_required,
688 	memory_object_fault_info_t   mo_fault_info)
689 {
690 	dyld_pager_t            pager;
691 	memory_object_control_t mo_control;
692 	upl_t                   upl = NULL;
693 	int                     upl_flags;
694 	upl_size_t              upl_size;
695 	upl_page_info_t         *upl_pl = NULL;
696 	unsigned int            pl_count;
697 	vm_object_t             src_top_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
698 	vm_object_t             src_page_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
699 	vm_object_t             dst_object;
700 	kern_return_t           kr;
701 	kern_return_t           retval = KERN_SUCCESS;
702 	vm_offset_t             src_vaddr;
703 	vm_offset_t             dst_vaddr;
704 	vm_offset_t             cur_offset;
705 	kern_return_t           error_code;
706 	vm_prot_t               prot;
707 	vm_page_t               src_page, top_page;
708 	int                     interruptible;
709 	struct vm_object_fault_info fault_info = *((struct vm_object_fault_info *)(uintptr_t)mo_fault_info);
710 	struct mwl_info_hdr     *hdr;
711 	uint32_t                r;
712 	uint64_t                userVA;
713 
714 	fault_info.stealth = TRUE;
715 	fault_info.io_sync = FALSE;
716 	fault_info.mark_zf_absent = FALSE;
717 	fault_info.batch_pmap_op = FALSE;
718 	interruptible = fault_info.interruptible;
719 
720 	pager = dyld_pager_lookup(mem_obj);
721 	assert(pager->dyld_is_ready);
722 	assert(os_ref_get_count_raw(&pager->dyld_ref_count) > 1); /* pager is alive */
723 	assert(pager->dyld_is_mapped); /* pager is mapped */
724 	hdr = (struct mwl_info_hdr *)pager->dyld_link_info;
725 
726 	/*
727 	 * Gather in a UPL all the VM pages requested by VM.
728 	 */
729 	mo_control = pager->dyld_header.mo_control;
730 
731 	upl_size = length;
732 	upl_flags =
733 	    UPL_RET_ONLY_ABSENT |
734 	    UPL_SET_LITE |
735 	    UPL_NO_SYNC |
736 	    UPL_CLEAN_IN_PLACE |        /* triggers UPL_CLEAR_DIRTY */
737 	    UPL_SET_INTERNAL;
738 	pl_count = 0;
739 	kr = memory_object_upl_request(mo_control,
740 	    offset, upl_size,
741 	    &upl, NULL, NULL, upl_flags, VM_KERN_MEMORY_SECURITY);
742 	if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
743 		ktriage_record(thread_tid(current_thread()), KDBG_TRIAGE_EVENTID(KDBG_TRIAGE_SUBSYS_DYLD_PAGER, KDBG_TRIAGE_RESERVED, KDBG_TRIAGE_DYLD_PAGER_NO_UPL), 0 /* arg */);
744 		retval = kr;
745 		goto done;
746 	}
747 	dst_object = memory_object_control_to_vm_object(mo_control);
748 	assert(dst_object != VM_OBJECT_NULL);
749 
750 	/*
751 	 * We'll map the original data in the kernel address space from the
752 	 * backing VM object, itself backed by the executable/library file via
753 	 * the vnode pager.
754 	 */
755 	src_top_object = pager->dyld_backing_object;
756 	assert(src_top_object != VM_OBJECT_NULL);
757 	vm_object_reference(src_top_object); /* keep the source object alive */
758 
759 	/*
760 	 * Fill in the contents of the pages requested by VM.
761 	 */
762 	upl_pl = UPL_GET_INTERNAL_PAGE_LIST(upl);
763 	pl_count = length / PAGE_SIZE;
764 	for (cur_offset = 0;
765 	    retval == KERN_SUCCESS && cur_offset < length;
766 	    cur_offset += PAGE_SIZE) {
767 		ppnum_t dst_pnum;
768 
769 		if (!upl_page_present(upl_pl, (int)(cur_offset / PAGE_SIZE))) {
770 			/* this page is not in the UPL: skip it */
771 			continue;
772 		}
773 
774 		/*
775 		 * Map the source page in the kernel's virtual address space.
776 		 * We already hold a reference on the src_top_object.
777 		 */
778 retry_src_fault:
779 		vm_object_lock(src_top_object);
780 		vm_object_paging_begin(src_top_object);
781 		error_code = 0;
782 		prot = VM_PROT_READ;
783 		src_page = VM_PAGE_NULL;
784 		kr = vm_fault_page(src_top_object,
785 		    offset + cur_offset,
786 		    VM_PROT_READ,
787 		    FALSE,
788 		    FALSE,                /* src_page not looked up */
789 		    &prot,
790 		    &src_page,
791 		    &top_page,
792 		    NULL,
793 		    &error_code,
794 		    FALSE,
795 		    &fault_info);
796 		switch (kr) {
797 		case VM_FAULT_SUCCESS:
798 			break;
799 		case VM_FAULT_RETRY:
800 			goto retry_src_fault;
801 		case VM_FAULT_MEMORY_SHORTAGE:
802 			if (vm_page_wait(interruptible)) {
803 				goto retry_src_fault;
804 			}
805 			ktriage_record(thread_tid(current_thread()), KDBG_TRIAGE_EVENTID(KDBG_TRIAGE_SUBSYS_DYLD_PAGER, KDBG_TRIAGE_RESERVED, KDBG_TRIAGE_DYLD_PAGER_MEMORY_SHORTAGE), 0 /* arg */);
806 			OS_FALLTHROUGH;
807 		case VM_FAULT_INTERRUPTED:
808 			retval = MACH_SEND_INTERRUPTED;
809 			goto done;
810 		case VM_FAULT_SUCCESS_NO_VM_PAGE:
811 			/* success but no VM page: fail */
812 			vm_object_paging_end(src_top_object);
813 			vm_object_unlock(src_top_object);
814 			OS_FALLTHROUGH;
815 		case VM_FAULT_MEMORY_ERROR:
816 			/* the page is not there ! */
817 			if (error_code) {
818 				retval = error_code;
819 			} else {
820 				retval = KERN_MEMORY_ERROR;
821 			}
822 			goto done;
823 		default:
824 			panic("dyld_pager_data_request: vm_fault_page() unexpected error 0x%x\n", kr);
825 		}
826 		assert(src_page != VM_PAGE_NULL);
827 		assert(src_page->vmp_busy);
828 
829 		if (src_page->vmp_q_state != VM_PAGE_ON_SPECULATIVE_Q) {
830 			vm_page_lockspin_queues();
831 			if (src_page->vmp_q_state != VM_PAGE_ON_SPECULATIVE_Q) {
832 				vm_page_speculate(src_page, FALSE);
833 			}
834 			vm_page_unlock_queues();
835 		}
836 
837 		/*
838 		 * Establish pointers to the source and destination physical pages.
839 		 */
840 		dst_pnum = (ppnum_t)upl_phys_page(upl_pl, (int)(cur_offset / PAGE_SIZE));
841 		assert(dst_pnum != 0);
842 
843 		src_vaddr = (vm_map_offset_t)phystokv((pmap_paddr_t)VM_PAGE_GET_PHYS_PAGE(src_page) << PAGE_SHIFT);
844 		dst_vaddr = (vm_map_offset_t)phystokv((pmap_paddr_t)dst_pnum << PAGE_SHIFT);
845 		src_page_object = VM_PAGE_OBJECT(src_page);
846 
847 		/*
848 		 * Validate the original page...
849 		 */
850 		if (src_page_object->code_signed) {
851 			vm_page_validate_cs_mapped(src_page, PAGE_SIZE, 0, (const void *)src_vaddr);
852 		}
853 
854 		/*
855 		 * ... and transfer the results to the destination page.
856 		 */
857 		UPL_SET_CS_VALIDATED(upl_pl, cur_offset / PAGE_SIZE, src_page->vmp_cs_validated);
858 		UPL_SET_CS_TAINTED(upl_pl, cur_offset / PAGE_SIZE, src_page->vmp_cs_tainted);
859 		UPL_SET_CS_NX(upl_pl, cur_offset / PAGE_SIZE, src_page->vmp_cs_nx);
860 
861 		/*
862 		 * The page provider might access a mapped file, so let's
863 		 * release the object lock for the source page to avoid a
864 		 * potential deadlock.
865 		 * The source page is kept busy and we have a
866 		 * "paging_in_progress" reference on its object, so it's safe
867 		 * to unlock the object here.
868 		 */
869 		assert(src_page->vmp_busy);
870 		assert(src_page_object->paging_in_progress > 0);
871 		vm_object_unlock(src_page_object);
872 
873 		/*
874 		 * Process the original contents of the source page
875 		 * into the destination page.
876 		 */
877 		bcopy((const char *)src_vaddr, (char *)dst_vaddr, PAGE_SIZE);
878 
879 		/*
880 		 * Figure out what the original user virtual address was, based on the offset.
881 		 */
882 		userVA = 0;
883 		for (r = 0; r < pager->dyld_num_range; ++r) {
884 			vm_offset_t o = offset + cur_offset;
885 			if (pager->dyld_file_offset[r] <= o &&
886 			    o < pager->dyld_file_offset[r] + pager->dyld_size[r]) {
887 				userVA = pager->dyld_address[r] + (o - pager->dyld_file_offset[r]);
888 				break;
889 			}
890 		}
891 
892 		/*
893 		 * If we have a valid range fixup the page.
894 		 */
895 		if (r == pager->dyld_num_range) {
896 			printf("%s(): Range not found for offset 0x%llx\n", __func__, (long long)cur_offset);
897 			retval = KERN_FAILURE;
898 		} else if (fixup_page(dst_vaddr, dst_vaddr + PAGE_SIZE, userVA, pager) != KERN_SUCCESS) {
899 			/* printf was done under fixup_page() */
900 			retval = KERN_FAILURE;
901 		}
902 		if (retval != KERN_SUCCESS) {
903 			ktriage_record(thread_tid(current_thread()), KDBG_TRIAGE_EVENTID(KDBG_TRIAGE_SUBSYS_DYLD_PAGER, KDBG_TRIAGE_RESERVED, KDBG_TRIAGE_DYLD_PAGER_SLIDE_ERROR), 0 /* arg */);
904 		}
905 
906 		assert(VM_PAGE_OBJECT(src_page) == src_page_object);
907 		assert(src_page->vmp_busy);
908 		assert(src_page_object->paging_in_progress > 0);
909 		vm_object_lock(src_page_object);
910 
911 		/*
912 		 * Cleanup the result of vm_fault_page() of the source page.
913 		 */
914 		PAGE_WAKEUP_DONE(src_page);
915 		src_page = VM_PAGE_NULL;
916 		vm_object_paging_end(src_page_object);
917 		vm_object_unlock(src_page_object);
918 
919 		if (top_page != VM_PAGE_NULL) {
920 			assert(VM_PAGE_OBJECT(top_page) == src_top_object);
921 			vm_object_lock(src_top_object);
922 			VM_PAGE_FREE(top_page);
923 			vm_object_paging_end(src_top_object);
924 			vm_object_unlock(src_top_object);
925 		}
926 	}
927 
928 done:
929 	if (upl != NULL) {
930 		/* clean up the UPL */
931 
932 		/*
933 		 * The pages are currently dirty because we've just been
934 		 * writing on them, but as far as we're concerned, they're
935 		 * clean since they contain their "original" contents as
936 		 * provided by us, the pager.
937 		 * Tell the UPL to mark them "clean".
938 		 */
939 		upl_clear_dirty(upl, TRUE);
940 
941 		/* abort or commit the UPL */
942 		if (retval != KERN_SUCCESS) {
943 			upl_abort(upl, 0);
944 		} else {
945 			boolean_t empty;
946 			assertf(page_aligned(upl->u_offset) && page_aligned(upl->u_size),
947 			    "upl %p offset 0x%llx size 0x%x\n",
948 			    upl, upl->u_offset, upl->u_size);
949 			upl_commit_range(upl, 0, upl->u_size,
950 			    UPL_COMMIT_CS_VALIDATED | UPL_COMMIT_WRITTEN_BY_KERNEL,
951 			    upl_pl, pl_count, &empty);
952 		}
953 
954 		/* and deallocate the UPL */
955 		upl_deallocate(upl);
956 		upl = NULL;
957 	}
958 	if (src_top_object != VM_OBJECT_NULL) {
959 		vm_object_deallocate(src_top_object);
960 	}
961 	return retval;
962 }
963 
964 /*
965  * dyld_pager_reference()
966  *
967  * Get a reference on this memory object.
968  * For external usage only.  Assumes that the initial reference count is not 0,
969  * i.e one should not "revive" a dead pager this way.
970  */
971 static void
dyld_pager_reference(memory_object_t mem_obj)972 dyld_pager_reference(
973 	memory_object_t mem_obj)
974 {
975 	dyld_pager_t    pager;
976 
977 	pager = dyld_pager_lookup(mem_obj);
978 
979 	lck_mtx_lock(&dyld_pager_lock);
980 	os_ref_retain_locked_raw(&pager->dyld_ref_count, NULL);
981 	lck_mtx_unlock(&dyld_pager_lock);
982 }
983 
984 
985 
986 /*
987  * dyld_pager_terminate_internal:
988  *
989  * Trigger the asynchronous termination of the memory object associated
990  * with this pager.
991  * When the memory object is terminated, there will be one more call
992  * to memory_object_deallocate() (i.e. dyld_pager_deallocate())
993  * to finish the clean up.
994  *
995  * "dyld_pager_lock" should not be held by the caller.
996  */
997 static void
dyld_pager_terminate_internal(dyld_pager_t pager)998 dyld_pager_terminate_internal(
999 	dyld_pager_t pager)
1000 {
1001 	assert(pager->dyld_is_ready);
1002 	assert(!pager->dyld_is_mapped);
1003 	assert(os_ref_get_count_raw(&pager->dyld_ref_count) == 1);
1004 
1005 	if (pager->dyld_backing_object != VM_OBJECT_NULL) {
1006 		vm_object_deallocate(pager->dyld_backing_object);
1007 		pager->dyld_backing_object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
1008 	}
1009 	/* trigger the destruction of the memory object */
1010 	memory_object_destroy(pager->dyld_header.mo_control, 0);
1011 }
1012 
1013 /*
1014  * dyld_pager_deallocate_internal()
1015  *
1016  * Release a reference on this pager and free it when the last reference goes away.
1017  * Can be called with dyld_pager_lock held or not, but always returns
1018  * with it unlocked.
1019  */
1020 static void
dyld_pager_deallocate_internal(dyld_pager_t pager,bool locked)1021 dyld_pager_deallocate_internal(
1022 	dyld_pager_t   pager,
1023 	bool           locked)
1024 {
1025 	os_ref_count_t ref_count;
1026 
1027 	if (!locked) {
1028 		lck_mtx_lock(&dyld_pager_lock);
1029 	}
1030 
1031 	/* drop a reference on this pager */
1032 	ref_count = os_ref_release_locked_raw(&pager->dyld_ref_count, NULL);
1033 
1034 	if (ref_count == 1) {
1035 		/*
1036 		 * Only this reference is left, which means that
1037 		 * no one is really holding on to this pager anymore.
1038 		 * Terminate it.
1039 		 */
1040 		dyld_pager_dequeue(pager);
1041 		/* the pager is all ours: no need for the lock now */
1042 		lck_mtx_unlock(&dyld_pager_lock);
1043 		dyld_pager_terminate_internal(pager);
1044 	} else if (ref_count == 0) {
1045 		/*
1046 		 * Dropped all references;  the memory object has
1047 		 * been terminated.  Do some final cleanup and release the
1048 		 * pager structure.
1049 		 */
1050 		lck_mtx_unlock(&dyld_pager_lock);
1051 
1052 		kfree_data(pager->dyld_link_info, pager->dyld_link_info_size);
1053 		pager->dyld_link_info = NULL;
1054 
1055 		if (pager->dyld_header.mo_control != MEMORY_OBJECT_CONTROL_NULL) {
1056 			memory_object_control_deallocate(pager->dyld_header.mo_control);
1057 			pager->dyld_header.mo_control = MEMORY_OBJECT_CONTROL_NULL;
1058 		}
1059 		kfree_type(struct dyld_pager, pager);
1060 		pager = NULL;
1061 	} else {
1062 		/* there are still plenty of references:  keep going... */
1063 		lck_mtx_unlock(&dyld_pager_lock);
1064 	}
1065 
1066 	/* caution: lock is not held on return... */
1067 }
1068 
1069 /*
1070  * dyld_pager_deallocate()
1071  *
1072  * Release a reference on this pager and free it when the last
1073  * reference goes away.
1074  */
1075 static void
dyld_pager_deallocate(memory_object_t mem_obj)1076 dyld_pager_deallocate(
1077 	memory_object_t mem_obj)
1078 {
1079 	dyld_pager_t    pager;
1080 
1081 	pager = dyld_pager_lookup(mem_obj);
1082 	dyld_pager_deallocate_internal(pager, FALSE);
1083 }
1084 
1085 /*
1086  *
1087  */
1088 static kern_return_t
dyld_pager_terminate(__unused memory_object_t mem_obj)1089 dyld_pager_terminate(
1090 #if !DEBUG
1091 	__unused
1092 #endif
1093 	memory_object_t mem_obj)
1094 {
1095 	return KERN_SUCCESS;
1096 }
1097 
1098 /*
1099  * dyld_pager_map()
1100  *
1101  * This allows VM to let us, the EMM, know that this memory object
1102  * is currently mapped one or more times.  This is called by VM each time
1103  * the memory object gets mapped, but we only take one extra reference the
1104  * first time it is called.
1105  */
1106 static kern_return_t
dyld_pager_map(memory_object_t mem_obj,__unused vm_prot_t prot)1107 dyld_pager_map(
1108 	memory_object_t         mem_obj,
1109 	__unused vm_prot_t      prot)
1110 {
1111 	dyld_pager_t   pager;
1112 
1113 	pager = dyld_pager_lookup(mem_obj);
1114 
1115 	lck_mtx_lock(&dyld_pager_lock);
1116 	assert(pager->dyld_is_ready);
1117 	assert(os_ref_get_count_raw(&pager->dyld_ref_count) > 0); /* pager is alive */
1118 	if (!pager->dyld_is_mapped) {
1119 		pager->dyld_is_mapped = TRUE;
1120 		os_ref_retain_locked_raw(&pager->dyld_ref_count, NULL);
1121 	}
1122 	lck_mtx_unlock(&dyld_pager_lock);
1123 
1124 	return KERN_SUCCESS;
1125 }
1126 
1127 /*
1128  * dyld_pager_last_unmap()
1129  *
1130  * This is called by VM when this memory object is no longer mapped anywhere.
1131  */
1132 static kern_return_t
dyld_pager_last_unmap(memory_object_t mem_obj)1133 dyld_pager_last_unmap(
1134 	memory_object_t mem_obj)
1135 {
1136 	dyld_pager_t    pager;
1137 
1138 	pager = dyld_pager_lookup(mem_obj);
1139 
1140 	lck_mtx_lock(&dyld_pager_lock);
1141 	if (pager->dyld_is_mapped) {
1142 		/*
1143 		 * All the mappings are gone, so let go of the one extra
1144 		 * reference that represents all the mappings of this pager.
1145 		 */
1146 		pager->dyld_is_mapped = FALSE;
1147 		dyld_pager_deallocate_internal(pager, TRUE);
1148 		/* caution: deallocate_internal() released the lock ! */
1149 	} else {
1150 		lck_mtx_unlock(&dyld_pager_lock);
1151 	}
1152 
1153 	return KERN_SUCCESS;
1154 }
1155 
1156 static boolean_t
dyld_pager_backing_object(memory_object_t mem_obj,memory_object_offset_t offset,vm_object_t * backing_object,vm_object_offset_t * backing_offset)1157 dyld_pager_backing_object(
1158 	memory_object_t         mem_obj,
1159 	memory_object_offset_t  offset,
1160 	vm_object_t             *backing_object,
1161 	vm_object_offset_t      *backing_offset)
1162 {
1163 	dyld_pager_t   pager;
1164 
1165 	pager = dyld_pager_lookup(mem_obj);
1166 
1167 	*backing_object = pager->dyld_backing_object;
1168 	*backing_offset = offset;
1169 
1170 	return TRUE;
1171 }
1172 
1173 
1174 /*
1175  * Convert from memory_object to dyld_pager.
1176  */
1177 static dyld_pager_t
dyld_pager_lookup(memory_object_t mem_obj)1178 dyld_pager_lookup(
1179 	memory_object_t  mem_obj)
1180 {
1181 	dyld_pager_t   pager;
1182 
1183 	assert(mem_obj->mo_pager_ops == &dyld_pager_ops);
1184 	pager = (dyld_pager_t)(uintptr_t) mem_obj;
1185 	assert(os_ref_get_count_raw(&pager->dyld_ref_count) > 0);
1186 	return pager;
1187 }
1188 
1189 /*
1190  * Create and return a pager for the given object with the
1191  * given slide information.
1192  */
1193 static dyld_pager_t
dyld_pager_create(__unused task_t task,vm_object_t backing_object,struct mwl_region * regions,uint32_t region_cnt,void * link_info,uint32_t link_info_size)1194 dyld_pager_create(
1195 #if !defined(HAS_APPLE_PAC)
1196 	__unused
1197 #endif /* defined(HAS_APPLE_PAC) */
1198 	task_t            task,
1199 	vm_object_t       backing_object,
1200 	struct mwl_region *regions,
1201 	uint32_t          region_cnt,
1202 	void              *link_info,
1203 	uint32_t          link_info_size)
1204 {
1205 	dyld_pager_t            pager;
1206 	memory_object_control_t control;
1207 	kern_return_t           kr;
1208 
1209 	pager = kalloc_type(struct dyld_pager, Z_WAITOK);
1210 	if (pager == NULL) {
1211 		return NULL;
1212 	}
1213 
1214 	/*
1215 	 * The vm_map call takes both named entry ports and raw memory
1216 	 * objects in the same parameter.  We need to make sure that
1217 	 * vm_map does not see this object as a named entry port.  So,
1218 	 * we reserve the first word in the object for a fake ip_kotype
1219 	 * setting - that will tell vm_map to use it as a memory object.
1220 	 */
1221 	pager->dyld_header.mo_ikot = IKOT_MEMORY_OBJECT;
1222 	pager->dyld_header.mo_pager_ops = &dyld_pager_ops;
1223 	pager->dyld_header.mo_control = MEMORY_OBJECT_CONTROL_NULL;
1224 
1225 	pager->dyld_is_ready = FALSE;/* not ready until it has a "name" */
1226 	/* existence reference for the caller */
1227 	os_ref_init_count_raw(&pager->dyld_ref_count, NULL, 1);
1228 	pager->dyld_is_mapped = FALSE;
1229 	pager->dyld_backing_object = backing_object;
1230 	pager->dyld_link_info = link_info;
1231 	pager->dyld_link_info_size = link_info_size;
1232 #if defined(HAS_APPLE_PAC)
1233 	pager->dyld_a_key = (task->map && task->map->pmap && !task->map->pmap->disable_jop) ? task->jop_pid : 0;
1234 #endif /* defined(HAS_APPLE_PAC) */
1235 
1236 	/*
1237 	 * Record the regions so the pager can find the offset from an address.
1238 	 */
1239 	pager->dyld_num_range = region_cnt;
1240 	for (uint32_t r = 0; r < region_cnt; ++r) {
1241 		pager->dyld_file_offset[r] = regions[r].mwlr_file_offset;
1242 		pager->dyld_address[r] = regions[r].mwlr_address;
1243 		pager->dyld_size[r] = regions[r].mwlr_size;
1244 	}
1245 
1246 	vm_object_reference(backing_object);
1247 
1248 	lck_mtx_lock(&dyld_pager_lock);
1249 	queue_enter_first(&dyld_pager_queue,
1250 	    pager,
1251 	    dyld_pager_t,
1252 	    dyld_pager_queue);
1253 	dyld_pager_count++;
1254 	if (dyld_pager_count > dyld_pager_count_max) {
1255 		dyld_pager_count_max = dyld_pager_count;
1256 	}
1257 	lck_mtx_unlock(&dyld_pager_lock);
1258 
1259 	kr = memory_object_create_named((memory_object_t) pager, 0, &control);
1260 	assert(kr == KERN_SUCCESS);
1261 
1262 	memory_object_mark_trusted(control);
1263 
1264 	lck_mtx_lock(&dyld_pager_lock);
1265 	/* the new pager is now ready to be used */
1266 	pager->dyld_is_ready = TRUE;
1267 	lck_mtx_unlock(&dyld_pager_lock);
1268 
1269 	/* wakeup anyone waiting for this pager to be ready */
1270 	thread_wakeup(&pager->dyld_is_ready);
1271 
1272 	return pager;
1273 }
1274 
1275 /*
1276  * dyld_pager_setup()
1277  *
1278  * Provide the caller with a memory object backed by the provided
1279  * "backing_object" VM object.
1280  */
1281 static memory_object_t
dyld_pager_setup(task_t task,vm_object_t backing_object,struct mwl_region * regions,uint32_t region_cnt,void * link_info,uint32_t link_info_size)1282 dyld_pager_setup(
1283 	task_t            task,
1284 	vm_object_t       backing_object,
1285 	struct mwl_region *regions,
1286 	uint32_t          region_cnt,
1287 	void              *link_info,
1288 	uint32_t          link_info_size)
1289 {
1290 	dyld_pager_t      pager;
1291 
1292 	/* create new pager */
1293 	pager = dyld_pager_create(task, backing_object, regions, region_cnt, link_info, link_info_size);
1294 	if (pager == NULL) {
1295 		/* could not create a new pager */
1296 		return MEMORY_OBJECT_NULL;
1297 	}
1298 
1299 	lck_mtx_lock(&dyld_pager_lock);
1300 	while (!pager->dyld_is_ready) {
1301 		lck_mtx_sleep(&dyld_pager_lock,
1302 		    LCK_SLEEP_DEFAULT,
1303 		    &pager->dyld_is_ready,
1304 		    THREAD_UNINT);
1305 	}
1306 	lck_mtx_unlock(&dyld_pager_lock);
1307 
1308 	return (memory_object_t) pager;
1309 }
1310 
1311 /*
1312  * Set up regions which use a special pager to apply dyld fixups.
1313  *
1314  * The arguments to this function are mostly just used as input.
1315  * Except for the link_info! That is saved off in the pager that
1316  * gets created, so shouldn't be free'd by the caller, if KERN_SUCCES.
1317  */
1318 kern_return_t
vm_map_with_linking(task_t task,struct mwl_region * regions,uint32_t region_cnt,void * link_info,uint32_t link_info_size,memory_object_control_t file_control)1319 vm_map_with_linking(
1320 	task_t                  task,
1321 	struct mwl_region       *regions,
1322 	uint32_t                region_cnt,
1323 	void                    *link_info,
1324 	uint32_t                link_info_size,
1325 	memory_object_control_t file_control)
1326 {
1327 	vm_map_t                map = task->map;
1328 	vm_object_t             object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
1329 	memory_object_t         pager = MEMORY_OBJECT_NULL;
1330 	uint32_t                r;
1331 	vm_map_address_t        map_addr;
1332 	kern_return_t           kr = KERN_SUCCESS;
1333 
1334 	object = memory_object_control_to_vm_object(file_control);
1335 	if (object == VM_OBJECT_NULL || object->internal) {
1336 		printf("%s no object for file_control\n", __func__);
1337 		object = VM_OBJECT_NULL;
1338 		kr = KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS;
1339 		goto done;
1340 	}
1341 
1342 	/* create a pager */
1343 	pager = dyld_pager_setup(task, object, regions, region_cnt, link_info, link_info_size);
1344 	if (pager == MEMORY_OBJECT_NULL) {
1345 		kr = KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE;
1346 		goto done;
1347 	}
1348 
1349 	for (r = 0; r < region_cnt; ++r) {
1350 		vm_map_kernel_flags_t vmk_flags = {
1351 			.vmf_fixed = true,
1352 			.vmf_overwrite = true,
1353 			.vmkf_overwrite_immutable = true,
1354 		};
1355 		struct mwl_region *rp = &regions[r];
1356 
1357 		/* map that pager over the portion of the mapping that needs sliding */
1358 		map_addr = (vm_map_address_t)rp->mwlr_address;
1359 		kr = vm_map_enter_mem_object(map,
1360 		    &map_addr,
1361 		    rp->mwlr_size,
1362 		    (mach_vm_offset_t) 0,
1363 		    vmk_flags,
1364 		    (ipc_port_t)(uintptr_t)pager,
1365 		    rp->mwlr_file_offset,
1366 		    TRUE,       /* copy == TRUE, as this is MAP_PRIVATE so COW may happen */
1367 		    rp->mwlr_protections,
1368 		    rp->mwlr_protections,
1369 		    VM_INHERIT_DEFAULT);
1370 		if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
1371 			/* no need to clean up earlier regions, this will be process fatal */
1372 			goto done;
1373 		}
1374 	}
1375 
1376 	/* success! */
1377 	kr = KERN_SUCCESS;
1378 
1379 done:
1380 
1381 	if (pager != MEMORY_OBJECT_NULL) {
1382 		/*
1383 		 * Release the pager reference obtained by dyld_pager_setup().
1384 		 * The mapping, if it succeeded, is now holding a reference on the memory object.
1385 		 */
1386 		memory_object_deallocate(pager);
1387 		pager = MEMORY_OBJECT_NULL;
1388 	}
1389 	return kr;
1390 }
1391 
1392 static uint64_t
dyld_pager_purge(dyld_pager_t pager)1393 dyld_pager_purge(
1394 	dyld_pager_t pager)
1395 {
1396 	uint64_t pages_purged;
1397 	vm_object_t object;
1398 
1399 	pages_purged = 0;
1400 	object = memory_object_to_vm_object((memory_object_t) pager);
1401 	assert(object != VM_OBJECT_NULL);
1402 	vm_object_lock(object);
1403 	pages_purged = object->resident_page_count;
1404 	vm_object_reap_pages(object, REAP_DATA_FLUSH);
1405 	pages_purged -= object->resident_page_count;
1406 //	printf("     %s:%d pager %p object %p purged %llu left %d\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, pager, object, pages_purged, object->resident_page_count);
1407 	vm_object_unlock(object);
1408 	return pages_purged;
1409 }
1410 
1411 uint64_t
dyld_pager_purge_all(void)1412 dyld_pager_purge_all(void)
1413 {
1414 	uint64_t pages_purged;
1415 	dyld_pager_t pager;
1416 
1417 	pages_purged = 0;
1418 	lck_mtx_lock(&dyld_pager_lock);
1419 	queue_iterate(&dyld_pager_queue, pager, dyld_pager_t, dyld_pager_queue) {
1420 		pages_purged += dyld_pager_purge(pager);
1421 	}
1422 	lck_mtx_unlock(&dyld_pager_lock);
1423 #if DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG
1424 	printf("   %s:%d pages purged: %llu\n", __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, pages_purged);
1425 #endif /* DEVELOPMENT || DEBUG */
1426 	return pages_purged;
1427 }
1428