xref: /xnu-8020.101.4/iokit/IOKit/IOService.h (revision e7776783b89a353188416a9a346c6cdb4928faad)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1998-2020 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
3  *
4  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_START@
5  *
6  * This file contains Original Code and/or Modifications of Original Code
7  * as defined in and that are subject to the Apple Public Source License
8  * Version 2.0 (the 'License'). You may not use this file except in
9  * compliance with the License. The rights granted to you under the License
10  * may not be used to create, or enable the creation or redistribution of,
11  * unlawful or unlicensed copies of an Apple operating system, or to
12  * circumvent, violate, or enable the circumvention or violation of, any
13  * terms of an Apple operating system software license agreement.
14  *
15  * Please obtain a copy of the License at
16  * http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl/ and read it before using this file.
17  *
18  * The Original Code and all software distributed under the License are
19  * distributed on an 'AS IS' basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
20  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND APPLE HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL SUCH WARRANTIES,
21  * INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
22  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, QUIET ENJOYMENT OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
23  * Please see the License for the specific language governing rights and
24  * limitations under the License.
25  *
26  * @APPLE_OSREFERENCE_LICENSE_HEADER_END@
27  */
28 /*
29  * Copyright (c) 1998,1999 Apple Computer, Inc.  All rights reserved.
30  *
31  * HISTORY
32  *
33  */
34 /*!
35  *   @header
36  *   This header contains the definition of the IOService class.  IOService is the sole direct subclass of IORegistryEntry and is the base class of almost all I/O Kit family superclasses.  IOService defines methods that support the life cycle of I/O Kit drivers.  For more information on IOService, see {@linkdoc //apple_ref/doc/uid/TP0000011 I/O Kit Fundamentals}.
37  *
38  *   @seealso //apple_ref/doc/header/IORegistryEntry.h IORegistryEntry
39  */
40 
41 #ifndef _IOKIT_IOSERVICE_H
42 #define _IOKIT_IOSERVICE_H
43 
44 #include <IOKit/IORegistryEntry.h>
45 #include <IOKit/IOReturn.h>
46 #include <IOKit/IODeviceMemory.h>
47 #include <IOKit/IONotifier.h>
48 #include <IOKit/IOLocks.h>
49 
50 #include <IOKit/IOKitDebug.h>
51 #include <IOKit/IOInterrupts.h>
52 
53 #include <IOKit/pwr_mgt/IOPMpowerState.h>
54 #include <IOKit/IOServicePM.h>
55 #include <IOKit/IOReportTypes.h>
56 #include <DriverKit/IOService.h>
57 #include <libkern/c++/OSPtr.h>
58 
59 #if __cplusplus >= 201703L
60 extern "C++" {
61 #include <libkern/c++/OSSharedPtr.h>
62 }
63 #endif
64 
65 extern "C" {
66 #include <kern/thread_call.h>
67 }
68 
69 
70 #ifndef UINT64_MAX
71 #define UINT64_MAX        18446744073709551615ULL
72 #endif
73 
74 
75 enum {
76 	kIODefaultProbeScore    = 0
77 };
78 
79 // masks for getState()
80 enum {
81 	kIOServiceInactiveState = 0x00000001,
82 	kIOServiceRegisteredState   = 0x00000002,
83 	kIOServiceMatchedState  = 0x00000004,
84 	kIOServiceFirstPublishState = 0x00000008,
85 	kIOServiceFirstMatchState   = 0x00000010,
86 	kIOServiceReservedMatchState   = 0x80000000,
87 #if XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
88 	kIOServiceUserInvisibleMatchState = kIOServiceReservedMatchState,
89 #endif /* XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE */
90 };
91 
92 enum {
93 	// options for registerService()
94 	kIOServiceExclusive     = 0x00000001,
95 
96 	// options for terminate()
97 	kIOServiceRequired      = 0x00000001,
98 	kIOServiceTerminate     = 0x00000004,
99 	kIOServiceTerminateWithRematch = 0x00000010,
100 	kIOServiceTerminateWithRematchCurrentDext = 0x00000020,
101 
102 	// options for registerService() & terminate()
103 	kIOServiceSynchronous   = 0x00000002,
104 	// options for registerService()
105 	kIOServiceAsynchronous  = 0x00000008
106 };
107 
108 // options for open()
109 enum {
110 	kIOServiceSeize     = 0x00000001,
111 	kIOServiceFamilyOpenOptions = 0xffff0000
112 };
113 
114 // options for close()
115 enum {
116 	kIOServiceFamilyCloseOptions = 0xffff0000
117 };
118 
119 typedef void * IONotificationRef;
120 
121 extern const IORegistryPlane *  gIOServicePlane;
122 extern const IORegistryPlane *  gIOPowerPlane;
123 
124 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOResourcesKey;
125 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOResourceMatchKey;
126 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOResourceMatchedKey;
127 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOResourceIOKitKey;
128 
129 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOProviderClassKey;
130 extern const OSSymbol *     gIONameMatchKey;
131 extern const OSSymbol *     gIONameMatchedKey;
132 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOPropertyMatchKey;
133 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOPropertyExistsMatchKey;
134 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOLocationMatchKey;
135 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOParentMatchKey;
136 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOPathMatchKey;
137 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOMatchCategoryKey;
138 extern const OSSymbol *     gIODefaultMatchCategoryKey;
139 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOMatchedServiceCountKey;
140 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOMatchedPersonalityKey;
141 extern const OSSymbol *     gIORematchPersonalityKey;
142 extern const OSSymbol *     gIORematchCountKey;
143 extern const OSSymbol *     gIODEXTMatchCountKey;
144 
145 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOUserClientClassKey;
146 
147 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOUserClassKey;
148 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOUserServerClassKey;
149 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOUserServerNameKey;
150 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOUserServerTagKey;
151 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOUserUserClientKey;
152 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOAssociatedServicesKey;
153 
154 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOKitDebugKey;
155 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOServiceKey;
156 
157 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOCommandPoolSizeKey;
158 
159 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOPublishNotification;
160 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOFirstPublishNotification;
161 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOMatchedNotification;
162 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOFirstMatchNotification;
163 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOTerminatedNotification;
164 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOWillTerminateNotification;
165 
166 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOGeneralInterest;
167 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOBusyInterest;
168 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOOpenInterest;
169 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOAppPowerStateInterest;
170 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOPriorityPowerStateInterest;
171 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOConsoleSecurityInterest;
172 
173 extern const OSSymbol *     gIODeviceMemoryKey;
174 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOInterruptControllersKey;
175 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOInterruptSpecifiersKey;
176 
177 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOSupportedPropertiesKey;
178 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOUserServicePropertiesKey;
179 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOCompatibilityMatchKey;
180 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOCompatibilityPropertiesKey;
181 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOPathKey;
182 
183 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOBSDKey;
184 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOBSDNameKey;
185 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOBSDMajorKey;
186 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOBSDMinorKey;
187 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOBSDUnitKey;
188 
189 extern const OSSymbol *     gIODriverKitEntitlementKey;
190 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOServiceDEXTEntitlementsKey;
191 extern const OSSymbol *     gIODriverKitUserClientEntitlementsKey;
192 extern const OSSymbol *     gIODriverKitUserClientEntitlementAllowAnyKey;
193 extern const OSSymbol *     gIODriverKitRequiredEntitlementsKey;
194 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOMatchDeferKey;
195 
196 extern const OSSymbol *     gIOAllCPUInitializedKey;
197 
198 #if XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE && !defined(IOServiceTrace)
199 
200 #include <IOKit/IOTimeStamp.h>
201 #if (KDEBUG_LEVEL >= KDEBUG_LEVEL_STANDARD)
202 #define IOServiceTrace(csc, a, b, c, d) do {                            \
203     if(kIOTraceIOService & gIOKitTrace) {                               \
204 	KERNEL_DEBUG_CONSTANT(IODBG_IOSERVICE(csc), a, b, c, d, 0);     \
205     }                                                                   \
206 } while(0)
207 #else /* (KDEBUG_LEVEL >= KDEBUG_LEVEL_STANDARD) */
208 #define IOServiceTrace(csc, a, b, c, d) do {    \
209   (void)a;                                      \
210   (void)b;                                      \
211   (void)c;                                      \
212   (void)d;                                      \
213 } while (0)
214 #endif /* (KDEBUG_LEVEL >= KDEBUG_LEVEL_STANDARD) */
215 
216 #endif // XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE && !IOServiceTrace
217 
218 extern SInt32 IOServiceOrdering( const OSMetaClassBase * inObj1, const OSMetaClassBase * inObj2, void * ref );
219 
220 typedef void (*IOInterruptAction)( OSObject * target, void * refCon,
221     IOService * nub, int source );
222 
223 #ifdef __BLOCKS__
224 typedef void (^IOInterruptActionBlock)(IOService * nub, int source);
225 typedef kern_return_t (^IOStateNotificationHandler)(void);
226 #endif /* __BLOCKS__ */
227 
228 typedef void * IOStateNotificationListenerRef;
229 class IOStateNotificationItem;
230 
231 /*! @typedef IOServiceNotificationHandler
232  *   @param target Reference supplied when the notification was registered.
233  *   @param refCon Reference constant supplied when the notification was registered.
234  *   @param newService The IOService object the notification is delivering. It is retained for the duration of the handler's invocation and doesn't need to be released by the handler. */
235 
236 typedef bool (*IOServiceNotificationHandler)( void * target, void * refCon,
237     IOService * newService );
238 
239 typedef bool (*IOServiceMatchingNotificationHandler)( void * target, void * refCon,
240     IOService * newService,
241     IONotifier * notifier );
242 
243 #ifdef __BLOCKS__
244 typedef bool (^IOServiceMatchingNotificationHandlerBlock)(IOService * newService,
245     IONotifier * notifier );
246 #endif /* __BLOCKS__ */
247 
248 
249 /*! @typedef IOServiceInterestHandler
250  *   @param target Reference supplied when the notification was registered.
251  *   @param refCon Reference constant supplied when the notification was registered.
252  *   @param messageType Type of the message - IOKit defined in IOKit/IOMessage.h or family specific.
253  *   @param provider The IOService object who is delivering the notification. It is retained for the duration of the handler's invocation and doesn't need to be released by the handler.
254  *   @param messageArgument An argument for message, dependent on its type.
255  *   @param argSize Non zero if the argument represents a struct of that size, used when delivering messages outside the kernel. */
256 
257 typedef IOReturn (*IOServiceInterestHandler)( void * target, void * refCon,
258     UInt32 messageType, IOService * provider,
259     void * messageArgument, vm_size_t argSize );
260 
261 #ifdef __BLOCKS__
262 typedef IOReturn (^IOServiceInterestHandlerBlock)( uint32_t messageType, IOService * provider,
263     void   * messageArgument, size_t argSize );
264 #endif /* __BLOCKS__ */
265 
266 typedef void (*IOServiceApplierFunction)(IOService * service, void * context);
267 typedef void (*OSObjectApplierFunction)(OSObject * object, void * context);
268 #ifdef __BLOCKS__
269 typedef void (^IOServiceApplierBlock)(IOService * service);
270 typedef void (^OSObjectApplierBlock)(OSObject * object);
271 #endif /* __BLOCKS__ */
272 
273 
274 class IOUserClient;
275 class IOPlatformExpert;
276 class IOUserServerCheckInToken;
277 
278 /*! @class IOService
279  *   @abstract The base class for most I/O Kit families, devices, and drivers.
280  *   @discussion The IOService base class defines APIs used to publish services, instantiate other services based on the existance of a providing service (ie. driver stacking), destroy a service and its dependent stack, notify interested parties of service state changes, and general utility functions useful across all families.
281  *
282  *  Types of service are specified with a matching dictionary that describes properties of the service. For example, a matching dictionary might describe any IOUSBDevice (or subclass), an IOUSBDevice with a certain class code, or a IOPCIDevice with a set of matching names or device & vendor IDs. Since the matching dictionary is interpreted by the family which created the service, as well as generically by IOService, the list of properties considered for matching depends on the familiy.
283  *
284  *  Matching dictionaries are associated with IOService classes by the catalogue, as driver property tables, and also supplied by clients of the notification APIs.
285  *
286  *  IOService provides matching based on C++ class (via OSMetaClass dynamic casting), registry entry name, a registry path to the service (which includes device tree paths), a name assigned by BSD, or by its location (its point of attachment).
287  *
288  *  <br><br>Driver Instantiation by IOService<br><br>
289  *
290  *  Drivers are subclasses of IOService, and their availability is managed through the catalogue. They are instantiated based on the publication of an IOService they use (for example, an IOPCIDevice or IOUSBDevice), or when they are added to  the catalogue and the IOService(s) they use are already available.
291  *
292  *  When an IOService (the "provider") is published with the @link registerService registerService@/link method, the matching and probing process begins, which is always single threaded per provider. A list of matching dictionaries from the catalog and installed publish notification requests, that successfully match the IOService, is constructed, with ordering supplied by <code>kIOProbeScoreKey</code> ("IOProbeScore") property in the dictionary, or supplied with the notification.
293  *
294  *  Each entry in the list is then processed in order - for notifications, the notification is delivered, for driver property tables a lot more happens.
295  *
296  *  The driver class is instantiated and <code>init()</code> called with its property table. The new driver instance is then attached to the provider, and has its @link probe probe@/link method called with the provider as an argument. The default <code>probe</code> method does nothing but return success, but a driver may implement this method to interrogate the provider to make sure it can work with it. It may also modify its probe score at this time. After probe, the driver is detached and the next in the list is considered (ie. attached, probed, and detached).
297  *
298  *  When the probing phase is complete, the list consists of successfully probed drivers, in order of their probe score (after adjustment during the @link probe probe@/link call). The list is then divided into categories based on the <code>kIOMatchCategoryKey</code> property ("IOMatchCategory"); drivers without a match category are all considered in one default category. Match categories allow multiple clients of a provider to be attached and started, though the provider may also enforce open/close semantics to gain active access to it.
299  *
300  *  For each category, the highest scoring driver in that category is attached to the provider, and its @link start start@/link method called. If <code>start</code> is successful, the rest of the drivers in the same match category are discarded, otherwise the next highest scoring driver is started, and so on.
301  *
302  *  The driver should only consider itself in action when the start method is called, meaning it has been selected for use on the provider, and consuming that particular match category. It should also be prepared to be allocated, probed and freed even if the probe was successful.
303  *
304  *  After the drivers have all synchronously been started, the installed "matched" notifications that match the registered IOService are delivered.
305  *
306  *  <br><br>Properties used by IOService<br><br>
307  *
308  *   <code>kIOClassKey, extern const OSSymbol * gIOClassKey, "IOClass"</code>
309  *  <br>
310  *  <br>
311  *  Class of the driver to instantiate on matching providers.
312  *  <br>
313  *  <br>
314  *   <code>kIOProviderClassKey, extern const OSSymbol * gIOProviderClassKey, "IOProviderClass"</code>
315  *  <br>
316  *  <br>
317  *  Class of the provider(s) to be considered for matching, checked with OSDynamicCast so subclasses will also match.
318  *  <br>
319  *  <br>
320  *   <code>kIOProbeScoreKey, extern const OSSymbol * gIOProbeScoreKey, "IOProbeScore"</code>
321  *  <br>
322  *  <br>
323  *  The probe score initially used to order multiple matching drivers.
324  *  <br>
325  *  <br>
326  *   <code>kIOMatchCategoryKey, extern const OSSymbol * gIOMatchCategoryKey, "IOMatchCategory"</code>
327  *  <br>
328  *  <br>
329  *  A string defining the driver category for matching purposes. All drivers with no <code>IOMatchCategory</code> property are considered to be in the same default category. Only one driver in a category can be started on each provider.
330  *  <br>
331  *  <br>
332  *   <code>kIONameMatchKey, extern const OSSymbol * gIONameMatchKey, "IONameMatch"</code>
333  *  <br>
334  *  A string or collection of strings that match the provider's name. The comparison is implemented with the @link //apple_ref/cpp/instm/IORegistryEntry/compareNames/virtualbool/(OSObject*,OSString**) IORegistryEntry::compareNames@/link method, which supports a single string, or any collection (OSArray, OSSet, OSDictionary etc.) of strings. IOService objects with device tree properties (eg. IOPCIDevice) will also be matched based on that standard's "compatible", "name", "device_type" properties. The matching name will be left in the driver's property table in the <code>kIONameMatchedKey</code> property.
335  *  <br>
336  *  Examples
337  *  <pre>
338  *  @textblock
339  *   <key>IONameMatch</key>
340  *   <string>pci106b,7</string>
341  *  @/textblock
342  *  </pre>
343  *
344  *  For a list of possible matching names, a serialized array of strings should used, eg.
345  *  <pre>
346  *  @textblock
347  *   <key>IONameMatch</key>
348  *   <array>
349  *       <string>APPL,happy16</string>
350  *       <string>pci106b,7</string>
351  *   </array>
352  *  @/textblock
353  *  </pre>
354  *
355  *  <br>
356  *   <code>kIONameMatchedKey, extern const OSSymbol * gIONameMatchedKey, "IONameMatched"</code>
357  *  <br>
358  *  The name successfully matched name from the <code>kIONameMatchKey</code> property will be left in the driver's property table as the <code>kIONameMatchedKey</code> property.
359  *  <br>
360  *  <br>
361  *   <code>kIOPropertyMatchKey, extern const OSSymbol * gIOPropertyMatchKey, "IOPropertyMatch"</code>
362  *  <br>
363  *  A dictionary of properties that each must exist in the matching IOService and compare successfully with the <code>isEqualTo</code> method.
364  *
365  *  <pre>
366  *  @textblock
367  *   <key>IOPropertyMatch</key>
368  *   <dictionary>
369  *       <key>APPL,happy16</key>
370  *       <string>APPL,meek8</string>
371  *   </dictionary>
372  *  @/textblock
373  *  </pre>
374  *
375  *  <br>
376  *   <code>kIOUserClientClassKey, extern const OSSymbol * gIOUserClientClassKey, "IOUserClientClass"</code>
377  *  <br>
378  *  The class name that the service will attempt to allocate when a user client connection is requested.  First the device nub is queried, then the nub's provider is queried by default.
379  *  <br>
380  *  <br>
381  *   <code>kIOKitDebugKey, extern const OSSymbol * gIOKitDebugKey, "IOKitDebug"</code>
382  *  <br>
383  *  Set some debug flags for logging the driver loading process. Flags are defined in <code>IOKit/IOKitDebug.h</code>, but <code>65535</code> works well.*/
384 
385 struct IOInterruptAccountingData;
386 struct IOInterruptAccountingReporter;
387 struct OSObjectUserVars;
388 struct IOServiceStateChangeVars;
389 struct IOInterruptSourcePrivate;
390 
391 class IOService : public IORegistryEntry
392 {
393 	OSDeclareDefaultStructorsWithDispatch(IOService);
394 
395 #if XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
396 public:
397 #else
398 protected:
399 #endif  /* XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE */
400 /*! @struct ExpansionData
401  *   @discussion This structure will be used to expand the capablilties of this class in the future.
402  */
403 	struct ExpansionData {
404 		uint64_t authorizationID;
405 		/*
406 		 * Variables associated with interrupt accounting.  Consists of an array
407 		 * (that pairs reporters with opaque "statistics" objects), the count for
408 		 * the array, and a lock to guard both of the former variables.  The lock
409 		 * is necessary as IOReporting will not update reports in a manner that is
410 		 * synchonized with the service (i.e, on a workloop).
411 		 */
412 		IOLock * interruptStatisticsLock;
413 		IOInterruptAccountingReporter * interruptStatisticsArray;
414 		int interruptStatisticsArrayCount;
415 
416 		OSObjectUserVars * uvars;
417 		IOServiceStateChangeVars * svars;
418 
419 		IOInterruptSourcePrivate * interruptSourcesPrivate;
420 	};
421 
422 /*! @var reserved
423  *   Reserved for future use.  (Internal use only)  */
424 	APPLE_KEXT_WSHADOW_PUSH;
425 	ExpansionData * reserved;
426 	APPLE_KEXT_WSHADOW_POP;
427 
428 private:
429 	IOService *     __provider;
430 	SInt32      __providerGeneration;
431 	IOService *     __owner;
432 	IOOptionBits    __state[2];
433 	uint64_t        __timeBusy;
434 	uint64_t        __accumBusy;
435 	IOServicePM *   pwrMgt;
436 
437 protected:
438 // TRUE once PMinit has been called
439 	bool            initialized;
440 
441 public:
442 // DEPRECATED
443 	void *          pm_vars;
444 
445 public:
446 /* methods available in Mac OS X 10.1 or later */
447 /*! @function requestTerminate
448  *   @abstract Passes a termination up the stack.
449  *   @discussion When an IOService is made inactive the default behavior is to also make any of its clients that have it as their only provider also inactive, in this way recursing the termination up the driver stack. This method allows an IOService object to override this behavior. Returning <code>true</code> from this method when passed a just terminated provider will cause the client to also be terminated.
450  *   @param provider The terminated provider of this object.
451  *   @param options Options originally passed to terminate, plus <code>kIOServiceRecursing</code>.
452  *   @result <code>true</code> if this object should be terminated now that its provider has been. */
453 
454 	virtual bool requestTerminate( IOService * provider, IOOptionBits options );
455 
456 /*! @function willTerminate
457  *   @abstract Passes a termination up the stack.
458  *   @discussion Notification that a provider has been terminated, sent before recursing up the stack, in root-to-leaf order.
459  *   @param provider The terminated provider of this object.
460  *   @param options Options originally passed to terminate.
461  *   @result <code>true</code>. */
462 
463 	virtual bool willTerminate( IOService * provider, IOOptionBits options );
464 
465 /*! @function didTerminate
466  *   @abstract Passes a termination up the stack.
467  *   @discussion Notification that a provider has been terminated, sent after recursing up the stack, in leaf-to-root order.
468  *   @param provider The terminated provider of this object.
469  *   @param options Options originally passed to terminate.
470  *   @param defer If there is pending I/O that requires this object to persist, and the provider is not opened by this object set <code>defer</code> to <code>true</code> and call the <code>IOService::didTerminate()</code> implementation when the I/O completes. Otherwise, leave <code>defer</code> set to its default value of <code>false</code>.
471  *   @result <code>true</code>. */
472 
473 	virtual bool didTerminate( IOService * provider, IOOptionBits options, bool * defer );
474 
475 /*! @function nextIdleTimeout
476  *   @availability Mac OS X v10.4 and later
477  *   @abstract Allows subclasses to customize idle power management behavior.
478  *   @discussion Returns the next time that the device should idle into its next lower power state. Subclasses may override for custom idle behavior.
479  *
480  *   A power managed driver might override this method to provide a more sophisticated idle power off algorithm than the one defined by power management.
481  *   @param currentTime The current time
482  *   @param lastActivity The time of last activity on this device
483  *   @param powerState The device's current power state.
484  *   @result Returns the next time the device should idle off (in seconds, relative to the current time). */
485 
486 	virtual SInt32 nextIdleTimeout(AbsoluteTime currentTime,
487 	    AbsoluteTime lastActivity, unsigned int powerState);
488 
489 /*! @function systemWillShutdown
490  *   @availability Mac OS X v10.5 and later
491  *   @abstract Notifies members of the power plane of system shutdown and restart.
492  *   @discussion This function is called for all members of the power plane in leaf-to-root order. If a subclass needs to wait for a pending I/O, then the call to <code>systemWillShutdown</code> should be postponed until the I/O completes.
493  *
494  *   Any power managed driver (which has called @link joinPMtree joinPMtree@/link to join the power plane) interested in taking action at system shutdown or restart should override this method.
495  *   @param specifier <code>kIOMessageSystemWillPowerOff</code> or <code>kIOMessageSystemWillRestart</code>. */
496 
497 	virtual void systemWillShutdown( IOOptionBits specifier );
498 
499 /*! @function copyClientWithCategory
500  *   @availability Mac OS X v10.6 and later
501  *   @param category An OSSymbol corresponding to an IOMatchCategory matching property.
502  *   @result Returns a reference to the IOService child with the given category. The result should be released by the caller.
503  */
504 
505 	virtual IOService * copyClientWithCategory( const OSSymbol * category );
506 
507 public:
508 /*! @function       configureReport
509  *   @abstract       configure IOReporting channels
510  *   @availability   SPI on OS X v10.9 / iOS 7 and later
511  *
512  *   @param  channels    - channels to configure
513  *   @param  action      - enable/disable/size, etc
514  *   @param  result      - action-specific returned value
515  *   @param  destination - action-specific default destination
516  */
517 	virtual IOReturn configureReport(IOReportChannelList   *channels,
518 	    IOReportConfigureAction action,
519 	    void                  *result,
520 	    void                  *destination);
521 
522 /*! @function       updateReport
523  *   @abstract       request current data for the specified channels
524  *   @availability   SPI on OS X 10.9 / iOS 7 and later
525  *
526  *   @param channels     - channels to be updated
527  *   @param action       - type/style of update
528  *   @param result       - returned details about what was updated
529  *   @param destination  - destination for this update (action-specific)
530  */
531 	virtual IOReturn updateReport(IOReportChannelList      *channels,
532 	    IOReportUpdateAction      action,
533 	    void                     *result,
534 	    void                     *destination);
535 
536 protected:
537 
538 	/* these are helper methods for DriverKit */
539 	IOReturn _ConfigureReport(IOReportChannelList   *channels,
540 	    IOReportConfigureAction action,
541 	    void                  *result,
542 	    void                  *destination);
543 	IOReturn _UpdateReport(IOReportChannelList      *channels,
544 	    IOReportUpdateAction      action,
545 	    void                     *result,
546 	    void                     *destination);
547 
548 private:
549 #if __LP64__
550 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsedX86(IOService, 0);
551 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsedX86(IOService, 1);
552 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 2);
553 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 3);
554 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 4);
555 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 5);
556 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 6);
557 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 7);
558 #else
559 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsedX86(IOService, 0);
560 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsedX86(IOService, 1);
561 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsedX86(IOService, 2);
562 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsedX86(IOService, 3);
563 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsedX86(IOService, 4);
564 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsedX86(IOService, 5);
565 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsedX86(IOService, 6);
566 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUsedX86(IOService, 7);
567 #endif
568 
569 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 8);
570 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 9);
571 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 10);
572 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 11);
573 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 12);
574 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 13);
575 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 14);
576 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 15);
577 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 16);
578 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 17);
579 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 18);
580 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 19);
581 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 20);
582 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 21);
583 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 22);
584 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 23);
585 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 24);
586 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 25);
587 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 26);
588 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 27);
589 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 28);
590 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 29);
591 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 30);
592 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 31);
593 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 32);
594 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 33);
595 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 34);
596 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 35);
597 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 36);
598 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 37);
599 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 38);
600 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 39);
601 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 40);
602 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 41);
603 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 42);
604 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 43);
605 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 44);
606 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 45);
607 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 46);
608 	OSMetaClassDeclareReservedUnused(IOService, 47);
609 
610 public:
611 /*! @function getState
612  *   @abstract Accessor for IOService state bits, not normally needed or used outside IOService.
613  *   @result State bits for the IOService, eg. <code>kIOServiceInactiveState</code>, <code>kIOServiceRegisteredState</code>. */
614 
615 	virtual IOOptionBits getState( void ) const;
616 
617 /*! @function isInactive
618  *   @abstract Checks if the IOService object has been terminated, and is in the process of being destroyed.
619  *   @discussion When an IOService object is successfully terminated, it is immediately made inactive, which blocks further attach()es, matching or notifications occuring on the object. It remains inactive until the last client closes, and is then finalized and destroyed.
620  *   @result <code>true</code> if the IOService object has been terminated. */
621 
622 	bool isInactive( void ) const;
623 
624 /* Stack creation */
625 
626 /*! @function registerService
627  *   @abstract Starts the registration process for a newly discovered IOService object.
628  *   @discussion This function allows an IOService subclass to be published and made available to possible clients, by starting the registration process and delivering notifications to registered clients. The object should be completely setup and ready to field requests from clients before <code>registerService</code> is called.
629  *   @param options The default zero options mask is recommended and should be used in most cases. The registration process is usually asynchronous, with possible driver probing and notification occurring some time later. <code>kIOServiceSynchronous</code> may be passed to carry out the matching and notification process for currently registered clients before returning to the caller. */
630 
631 	virtual void registerService( IOOptionBits options = 0 );
632 
633 /*! @function probe
634  *   @abstract During an IOService object's instantiation, probes a matched service to see if it can be used.
635  *   @discussion The registration process for an IOService object (the provider) includes instantiating possible driver clients. The <code>probe</code> method is called in the client instance to check the matched service can be used before the driver is considered to be started. Since matching screens many possible providers, in many cases the <code>probe</code> method can be left unimplemented by IOService subclasses. The client is already attached to the provider when <code>probe</code> is called.
636  *   @param provider The registered IOService object that matches a driver personality's matching dictionary.
637  *   @param score Pointer to the current driver's probe score, which is used to order multiple matching drivers in the same match category. It defaults to the value of the <code>IOProbeScore</code> property in the drivers property table, or <code>kIODefaultProbeScore</code> if none is specified. The <code>probe</code> method may alter the score to affect start order.
638  *   @result An IOService instance or zero when the probe is unsuccessful. In almost all cases the value of <code>this</code> is returned on success. If another IOService object is returned, the probed instance is detached and freed, and the returned instance is used in its stead for <code>start</code>. */
639 
640 	virtual LIBKERN_RETURNS_NOT_RETAINED IOService * probe(  IOService *     provider,
641 	    SInt32    *     score );
642 
643 /*! @function start
644  *   @abstract During an IOService object's instantiation, starts the IOService object that has been selected to run on the provider.
645  *   @discussion The <code>start</code> method of an IOService instance is called by its provider when it has been selected (due to its probe score and match category) as the winning client. The client is already attached to the provider when <code>start</code> is called.<br>Implementations of <code>start</code> must call <code>start</code> on their superclass at an appropriate point. If an implementation of <code>start</code> has already called <code>super::start</code> but subsequently determines that it will fail, it must call <code>super::stop</code> to balance the prior call to <code>super::start</code> and prevent reference leaks.
646  *   @result <code>true</code> if the start was successful; <code>false</code> otherwise (which will cause the instance to be detached and usually freed). */
647 
648 	virtual bool start( IOService * provider );
649 
650 /*! @function stop
651  *   @abstract During an IOService termination, the stop method is called in its clients before they are detached & it is destroyed.
652  *   @discussion The termination process for an IOService (the provider) will call stop in each of its clients, after they have closed the provider if they had it open, or immediately on termination. */
653 
654 	virtual void stop( IOService * provider );
655 
656 /* Open / Close */
657 
658 /*! @function open
659  *   @abstract Requests active access to a provider.
660  *   @discussion IOService provides generic open and close semantics to track clients of a provider that have established an active datapath. The use of <code>open</code> and @link close close@/link, and rules regarding ownership are family defined, and defined by the @link handleOpen handleOpen@/link and @link handleClose handleClose@/link methods in the provider. Some families will limit access to a provider based on its open state.
661  *   @param forClient Designates the client of the provider requesting the open.
662  *   @param options Options for the open. The provider family may implement options for open; IOService defines only <code>kIOServiceSeize</code> to request the device be withdrawn from its current owner.
663  *   @param arg Family specific arguments which are ignored by IOService.
664  *   @result <code>true</code> if the open was successful; <code>false</code> otherwise. */
665 
666 	virtual bool open(   IOService *       forClient,
667 	    IOOptionBits      options = 0,
668 	    void *        arg = NULL );
669 
670 /*! @function close
671  *   @abstract Releases active access to a provider.
672  *   @discussion IOService provides generic open and close semantics to track clients of a provider that have established an active datapath. The use of @link open open@/link and <code>close</code>, and rules regarding ownership are family defined, and defined by the @link handleOpen handleOpen@/link and @link handleClose handleClose@/link methods in the provider.
673  *   @param forClient Designates the client of the provider requesting the close.
674  *   @param options Options available for the close. The provider family may implement options for close; IOService defines none. */
675 
676 	virtual void close(  IOService *       forClient,
677 	    IOOptionBits      options = 0 );
678 
679 /*! @function isOpen
680  *   @abstract Determines whether a specific, or any, client has an IOService object open.
681  *   @discussion Returns the open state of an IOService object with respect to the specified client, or when it is open by any client.
682  *   @param forClient If non-zero, <code>isOpen</code> returns the open state for that client. If zero is passed, <code>isOpen</code> returns the open state for all clients.
683  *   @result <code>true</code> if the specific, or any, client has the IOService object open. */
684 
685 	virtual bool isOpen( const IOService * forClient = NULL ) const;
686 
687 /*! @function handleOpen
688  *   @abstract Controls the open / close behavior of an IOService object (overrideable by subclasses).
689  *   @discussion IOService calls this method in its subclasses in response to the @link open open@/link method, so the subclass may implement the request. The default implementation provides single owner access to an IOService object via <code>open</code>. The object is locked via @link lockForArbitration lockForArbitration@/link before <code>handleOpen</code> is called.
690  *   @param forClient Designates the client of the provider requesting the open.
691  *   @param options Options for the open, may be interpreted by the implementor of <code>handleOpen</code>.
692  *   @result <code>true</code>if the open was successful; <code>false</code> otherwise. */
693 
694 	virtual bool handleOpen(    IOService *   forClient,
695 	    IOOptionBits      options,
696 	    void *        arg );
697 
698 /*! @function handleClose
699  *   @abstract Controls the open / close behavior of an IOService object (overrideable by subclasses).
700  *   @discussion IOService calls this method in its subclasses in response to the @link close close@/link method, so the subclass may implement the request. The default implementation provides single owner access to an IOService object via @link open open@/link. The object is locked via @link lockForArbitration lockForArbitration@/link before <code>handleClose</code> is called.
701  *   @param forClient Designates the client of the provider requesting the close.
702  *   @param options Options for the close, may be interpreted by the implementor of @link handleOpen handleOpen@/link. */
703 
704 	virtual void handleClose(   IOService *       forClient,
705 	    IOOptionBits      options );
706 
707 /*! @function handleIsOpen
708  *   @abstract Controls the open / close behavior of an IOService object (overrideable by subclasses).
709  *   @discussion IOService calls this method in its subclasses in response to the @link open open@/link method, so the subclass may implement the request. The default implementation provides single owner access to an IOService object via @link open open@/link. The object is locked via @link lockForArbitration lockForArbitration@/link before <code>handleIsOpen</code> is called.
710  *   @param forClient If non-zero, <code>isOpen</code> returns the open state for that client. If zero is passed, <code>isOpen</code> returns the open state for all clients.
711  *   @result <code>true</code> if the specific, or any, client has the IOService object open. */
712 
713 	virtual bool handleIsOpen(  const IOService * forClient ) const;
714 
715 /* Stacking change */
716 
717 /*! @function terminate
718  *   @abstract Makes an IOService object inactive and begins its destruction.
719  *   @discussion Registering an IOService object informs possible clients of its existance and instantiates drivers that may be used with it; <code>terminate</code> involves the opposite process of informing clients that an IOService object is no longer able to be used and will be destroyed. By default, if any client has the service open, <code>terminate</code> fails. If the <code>kIOServiceRequired</code> flag is passed however, <code>terminate</code> will be successful though further progress in the destruction of the IOService object will not proceed until the last client has closed it. The service will be made inactive immediately upon successful termination, and all its clients will be notified via their @link message message@/link method with a message of type <code>kIOMessageServiceIsTerminated</code>. Both these actions take place on the caller's thread. After the IOService object is made inactive, further matching or attach calls will fail on it. Each client has its @link stop stop@/link method called upon their close of an inactive IOService object , or on its termination if they do not have it open. After <code>stop</code>, @link detach detach@/link is called in each client. When all clients have been detached, the @link finalize finalize@/link method is called in the inactive service. The termination process is inherently asynchronous because it will be deferred until all clients have chosen to close.
720  *   @param options In most cases no options are needed. <code>kIOServiceSynchronous</code> may be passed to cause <code>terminate</code> to not return until the service is finalized. */
721 
722 	virtual bool terminate( IOOptionBits options = 0 );
723 
724 /*! @function finalize
725  *   @abstract Finalizes the destruction of an IOService object.
726  *   @discussion The <code>finalize</code> method is called in an inactive (ie. terminated) IOService object after the last client has detached. IOService's implementation will call @link stop stop@/link, @link close close@/link, and @link detach detach@/link on each provider. When <code>finalize</code> returns, the object's retain count will have no references generated by IOService's registration process.
727  *   @param options The options passed to the @link terminate terminate@/link method of the IOService object are passed on to <code>finalize</code>.
728  *   @result <code>true</code>. */
729 
730 	virtual bool finalize( IOOptionBits options );
731 
732 /*! @function init
733  *   @abstract Initializes generic IOService data structures (expansion data, etc). */
734 	virtual bool init( OSDictionary * dictionary = NULL ) APPLE_KEXT_OVERRIDE;
735 
736 /*! @function init
737  *   @abstract Initializes generic IOService data structures (expansion data, etc). */
738 	virtual bool init( IORegistryEntry * from,
739 	    const IORegistryPlane * inPlane ) APPLE_KEXT_OVERRIDE;
740 
741 /*! @function free
742  *   @abstract Frees data structures that were allocated when power management was initialized on this service. */
743 
744 	virtual void free( void ) APPLE_KEXT_OVERRIDE;
745 
746 /*! @function lockForArbitration
747  *   @abstract Locks an IOService object against changes in state or ownership.
748  *   @discussion The registration, termination and open / close functions of IOService use <code>lockForArbtration</code> to single-thread access to an IOService object. <code>lockForArbitration</code> grants recursive access to the same thread.
749  *   @param isSuccessRequired If a request for access to an IOService object should be denied if it is terminated, pass <code>false</code>, otherwise pass <code>true</code>. */
750 
751 	virtual bool lockForArbitration( bool isSuccessRequired = true );
752 
753 /*! @function unlockForArbitration
754  *   @abstract Unlocks an IOService obkect after a successful @link lockForArbitration lockForArbitration@/link.
755  *   @discussion A thread granted exclusive access to an IOService object should release it with <code>unlockForArbitration</code>. */
756 
757 	virtual void unlockForArbitration( void );
758 
759 #ifdef XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
760 	static uint32_t isLockedForArbitration(IOService * service);
761 #endif /* XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE */
762 
763 
764 /*! @function terminateClient
765  *   @abstract Passes a termination up the stack.
766  *   @discussion When an IOService object is made inactive the default behavior is to also make any of its clients that have it as their only provider inactive, in this way recursing the termination up the driver stack. This method allows a terminated  IOService object to override this behavior. Note the client may also override this behavior by overriding its @link terminate terminate@/link method.
767  *   @param client The client of the terminated provider.
768  *   @param options Options originally passed to @link terminate terminate@/link, plus <code>kIOServiceRecursing</code>.
769  *   @result result of the terminate request on the client. */
770 
771 	virtual bool terminateClient( IOService * client, IOOptionBits options );
772 
773 /* Busy state indicates discovery, matching or termination is in progress */
774 
775 /*! @function getBusyState
776  *   @abstract Returns the <code>busyState</code> of an IOService object.
777  *   @discussion Many activities in IOService are asynchronous. When registration, matching, or termination is in progress on an IOService object, its <code>busyState</code> is increased by one. Change in <code>busyState</code> to or from zero also changes the IOService object's provider's <code>busyState</code> by one, which means that an IOService object is marked busy when any of the above activities is ocurring on it or any of its clients.
778  *   @result The <code>busyState</code> value. */
779 
780 	virtual UInt32 getBusyState( void );
781 
782 /*! @function adjustBusy
783  *   @abstract Adjusts the <code>busyState</code> of an IOService object.
784  *   @discussion Applies a delta to an IOService object's <code>busyState</code>. A change in the <code>busyState</code> to or from zero will change the IOService object's provider's <code>busyState</code> by one (in the same direction).
785  *   @param delta The delta to be applied to the IOService object's <code>busyState</code>. */
786 
787 	virtual void adjustBusy( SInt32 delta );
788 
789 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
790 	IOReturn waitQuiet(mach_timespec_t * timeout)
791 	APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED;
792 
793 /*! @function waitQuiet
794  *   @abstract Waits for an IOService object's <code>busyState</code> to be zero.
795  *   @discussion Blocks the caller until an IOService object is non busy.
796  *   @param timeout The maximum time to wait in nanoseconds. Default is to wait forever.
797  *   @result Returns an error code if Mach synchronization primitives fail, <code>kIOReturnTimeout</code>, or <code>kIOReturnSuccess</code>. */
798 
799 	IOReturn waitQuiet(uint64_t timeout = UINT64_MAX);
800 
801 /* Matching */
802 
803 /*! @function matchPropertyTable
804  *   @abstract Allows a registered IOService object to implement family specific matching.
805  *   @discussion All matching on an IOService object will call this method to allow a family writer to implement matching in addition to the generic methods provided by IOService. The implementer should examine the matching dictionary passed to see if it contains properties the family understands for matching, and use them to match with the IOService object if so. Note that since matching is also carried out by other parts of the I/O Kit, the matching dictionary may contain properties the family does not understand - these should not be considered matching failures.
806  *   @param table The dictionary of properties to be matched against.
807  *   @param score Pointer to the current driver's probe score, which is used to order multiple matching drivers in the same match category. It defaults to the value of the <code>IOProbeScore</code> property in the drivers property table, or <code>kIODefaultProbeScore</code> if none is specified.
808  *   @result <code>false</code> if the family considers the matching dictionary does not match in properties it understands; <code>true</code> otherwise. */
809 
810 	virtual bool matchPropertyTable( OSDictionary * table,
811 	    SInt32       * score );
812 
813 	virtual bool matchPropertyTable( OSDictionary * table );
814 
815 /*! @function matchLocation
816  *   @abstract Allows a registered IOService object to direct location matching.
817  *   @discussion By default, a location matching property will be applied to an IOService object's provider. This method allows that behavior to be overridden by families.
818  *   @param client The IOService object at which matching is taking place.
819  *   @result Returns the IOService instance to be used for location matching. */
820 
821 	virtual LIBKERN_RETURNS_NOT_RETAINED IOService * matchLocation( IOService * client );
822 
823 /* Resource service */
824 
825 /*! @function publishResource
826  *   @abstract Uses the resource service to publish a property.
827  *   @discussion The resource service uses IOService's matching and notification to allow objects to be published and found by any I/O Kit client by a global name. <code>publishResource</code> makes an object available to anyone waiting for it or looking for it in the future.
828  *   @param key An OSSymbol key that globally identifies the object.
829  *   @param value The object to be published. */
830 
831 	static void publishResource( const OSSymbol * key, OSObject * value = NULL );
832 	static void publishUserResource( const OSSymbol * key, OSObject * value = NULL );
833 
834 /*! @function publishResource
835  *   @abstract Uses the resource service to publish a property.
836  *   @discussion The resource service uses IOService object's matching and notification to allow objects to be published and found by any I/O Kit client by a global name. <code>publishResource</code> makes an object available to anyone waiting for it or looking for it in the future.
837  *   @param key A C string key that globally identifies the object.
838  *   @param value The object to be published. */
839 
840 	static void publishResource( const char * key, OSObject * value = NULL );
841 	virtual bool addNeededResource( const char * key );
842 
843 /* Notifications */
844 
845 /*! @function addNotification
846  *   @abstract Deprecated use addMatchingNotification(). Adds a persistant notification handler to be notified of IOService events.
847  *   @discussion IOService will deliver notifications of changes in state of an IOService object to registered clients. The type of notification is specified by a symbol, for example <code>gIOMatchedNotification</code> or <code>gIOTerminatedNotification</code>, and notifications will only include IOService objects that match the supplied matching dictionary. Notifications are ordered by a priority set with <code>addNotification</code>. When the notification is installed, its handler will be called with each of any currently existing IOService objects that are in the correct state (eg. registered) and match the supplied matching dictionary, avoiding races between finding preexisting and new IOService events. The notification request is identified by an instance of an IONotifier object, through which it can be enabled, disabled, or removed. <code>addNotification</code> consumes a retain count on the matching dictionary when the notification is removed.
848  *   @param type An OSSymbol identifying the type of notification and IOService state:
849  *  <br>    <code>gIOPublishNotification</code> Delivered when an IOService object is registered.
850  *  <br>    <code>gIOFirstPublishNotification</code> Delivered when an IOService object is registered, but only once per IOService instance. Some IOService objects may be reregistered when their state is changed.
851  *  <br>    <code>gIOMatchedNotification</code> Delivered when an IOService object has been matched with all client drivers, and they have been probed and started.
852  *  <br>    <code>gIOFirstMatchNotification</code> Delivered when an IOService object has been matched with all client drivers, but only once per IOService instance. Some IOService objects may be reregistered when their state is changed.
853  *  <br>    <code>gIOWillTerminateNotification</code> Delivered after an IOService object has been terminated, during its finalize stage. Delivered after any matching on the service has finished.
854  *  <br>    <code>gIOTerminatedNotification</code> Delivered immediately when an IOService object has been terminated, making it inactive.
855  *   @param matching A matching dictionary to restrict notifications to only matching IOService objects. The dictionary will be released when the notification is removed, consuming the passed-in reference.
856  *   @param handler A C function callback to deliver notifications.
857  *   @param target An instance reference for the callback's use.
858  *   @param ref A reference constant for the callback's use.
859  *   @param priority A constant ordering all notifications of a each type.
860  *   @result An instance of an IONotifier object that can be used to control or destroy the notification request. */
861 
862 	static OSPtr<IONotifier>  addNotification(
863 		const OSSymbol * type, OSDictionary * matching,
864 		IOServiceNotificationHandler handler,
865 		void * target, void * ref = NULL,
866 		SInt32 priority = 0 )
867 	APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED;
868 
869 /*! @function addMatchingNotification
870  *   @abstract Adds a persistant notification handler to be notified of IOService events.
871  *   @discussion IOService will deliver notifications of changes in state of an IOService object to registered clients. The type of notification is specified by a symbol, for example <code>gIOMatchedNotification</code> or <code>gIOTerminatedNotification</code>, and notifications will only include IOService objects that match the supplied matching dictionary. Notifications are ordered by a priority set with <code>addNotification</code>. When the notification is installed, its handler will be called with each of any currently existing IOService objects that are in the correct state (eg. registered) and match the supplied matching dictionary, avoiding races between finding preexisting and new IOService events. The notification request is identified by an instance of an IONotifier object, through which it can be enabled, disabled, or removed. <code>addMatchingNotification</code> does not consume a reference on the matching dictionary when the notification is removed, unlike addNotification.
872  *   @param type An OSSymbol identifying the type of notification and IOService state:
873  *  <br>    <code>gIOPublishNotification</code> Delivered when an IOService object is registered.
874  *  <br>    <code>gIOFirstPublishNotification</code> Delivered when an IOService object is registered, but only once per IOService instance. Some IOService objects may be reregistered when their state is changed.
875  *  <br>    <code>gIOMatchedNotification</code> Delivered when an IOService object has been matched with all client drivers, and they have been probed and started.
876  *  <br>    <code>gIOFirstMatchNotification</code> Delivered when an IOService object has been matched with all client drivers, but only once per IOService instance. Some IOService objects may be reregistered when their state is changed.
877  *  <br>    <code>gIOWillTerminateNotification</code> Delivered after an IOService object has been terminated, during its finalize stage. Delivered after any matching on the service has finished.
878  *  <br>    <code>gIOTerminatedNotification</code> Delivered immediately when an IOService object has been terminated, making it inactive.
879  *   @param matching A matching dictionary to restrict notifications to only matching IOService objects. The dictionary is retained while the notification is installed. (Differs from addNotification).
880  *   @param handler A C function callback to deliver notifications.
881  *   @param target An instance reference for the callback's use.
882  *   @param ref A reference constant for the callback's use.
883  *   @param priority A constant ordering all notifications of a each type.
884  *   @result An instance of an IONotifier object that can be used to control or destroy the notification request. */
885 
886 	static IONotifier * addMatchingNotification(
887 		const OSSymbol * type, OSDictionary * matching,
888 		IOServiceMatchingNotificationHandler handler,
889 		void * target, void * ref = NULL,
890 		SInt32 priority = 0 );
891 
892 
893 #ifdef __BLOCKS__
894 	static IONotifier * addMatchingNotification(
895 		const OSSymbol * type, OSDictionary * matching,
896 		SInt32 priority,
897 		IOServiceMatchingNotificationHandlerBlock handler);
898 #endif /* __BLOCKS__ */
899 
900 /*! @function waitForService
901  *   @abstract Deprecated use waitForMatchingService(). Waits for a matching to service to be published.
902  *   @discussion Provides a method of waiting for an IOService object matching the supplied matching dictionary to be registered and fully matched.
903  *   @param matching The matching dictionary describing the desired IOService object. <code>waitForService</code> consumes one reference of the matching dictionary.
904  *   @param timeout The maximum time to wait.
905  *   @result A published IOService object matching the supplied dictionary. */
906 
907 	static LIBKERN_RETURNS_NOT_RETAINED IOService * waitForService(
908 		LIBKERN_CONSUMED OSDictionary * matching,
909 		mach_timespec_t * timeout = NULL);
910 
911 /*! @function waitForMatchingService
912  *   @abstract Waits for a matching to service to be published.
913  *   @discussion Provides a method of waiting for an IOService object matching the supplied matching dictionary to be registered and fully matched.
914  *   @param matching The matching dictionary describing the desired IOService object. (Does not consume a reference of the matching dictionary - differs from waitForService() which does consume a reference on the matching dictionary.)
915  *   @param timeout The maximum time to wait in nanoseconds. Default is to wait forever.
916  *   @result A published IOService object matching the supplied dictionary. waitForMatchingService returns a reference to the IOService which should be released by the caller. (Differs from waitForService() which does not retain the returned object.) */
917 
918 	static OSPtr<IOService>  waitForMatchingService( OSDictionary * matching,
919 	    uint64_t timeout = UINT64_MAX);
920 
921 #ifdef XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
922 	static IOService * waitForMatchingServiceWithToken( OSDictionary * matching,
923 	    uint64_t timeout, IOUserServerCheckInToken * token );
924 #endif
925 
926 /*! @function getMatchingServices
927  *   @abstract Finds the set of current published IOService objects matching a matching dictionary.
928  *   @discussion Provides a method of finding the current set of published IOService objects matching the supplied matching dictionary.
929  *   @param matching The matching dictionary describing the desired IOService objects.
930  *   @result An instance of an iterator over a set of IOService objects. To be released by the caller. */
931 
932 	static OSPtr<OSIterator> getMatchingServices( OSDictionary * matching );
933 
934 /*! @function copyMatchingService
935  *   @abstract Finds one of the current published IOService objects matching a matching dictionary.
936  *   @discussion Provides a method to find one member of the set of published IOService objects matching the supplied matching dictionary.
937  *   @param matching The matching dictionary describing the desired IOService object.
938  *   @result The IOService object or NULL. To be released by the caller. */
939 
940 	static OSPtr<IOService>  copyMatchingService( OSDictionary * matching );
941 
942 public:
943 /* Helpers to make matching dictionaries for simple cases,
944  * they add keys to an existing dictionary, or create one. */
945 
946 /*! @function serviceMatching
947  *   @abstract Creates a matching dictionary, or adds matching properties to an existing dictionary, that specify an IOService class match.
948  *   @discussion A very common matching criteria for IOService object is based on its class. <code>serviceMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary that specifies any IOService object of a class, or its subclasses. The class is specified by name, and an existing dictionary may be passed in, in which case the matching properties will be added to that dictionary rather than creating a new one.
949  *   @param className The class name, as a const C string. Class matching is successful on IOService objects of this class or any subclass.
950  *   @param table If zero, <code>serviceMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary and returns a reference to it, otherwise the matching properties are added to the specified dictionary.
951  *   @result The matching dictionary created, or passed in, is returned on success, or zero on failure. */
952 
953 	static OSPtr<OSDictionary>  serviceMatching( const char * className,
954 	    OSDictionary * table = NULL );
955 
956 #if __cplusplus >= 201703L
957 /*! @function serviceMatching
958  *   @abstract Creates a matching dictionary, or adds matching properties to an existing dictionary, that specify an IOService class match.
959  *   @discussion A very common matching criteria for IOService object is based on its class. <code>serviceMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary that specifies any IOService object of a class, or its subclasses. The class is specified by name, and an existing dictionary may be passed in, in which case the matching properties will be added to that dictionary rather than creating a new one.
960  *   @param className The class name, as a const C string. Class matching is successful on IOService objects of this class or any subclass.
961  *   @param table If zero, <code>serviceMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary and returns a reference to it, otherwise the matching properties are added to the specified dictionary.
962  *   @result The matching dictionary created, or passed in, is returned on success, or zero on failure. */
963 
964 	static OSSharedPtr<OSDictionary> serviceMatching( const char * className,
965 	    OSSharedPtr<OSDictionary> table);
966 #endif
967 
968 /*! @function serviceMatching
969  *   @abstract Creates a matching dictionary, or adds matching properties to an existing dictionary, that specify an IOService class match.
970  *   @discussion A very common matching criteria for IOService object is based on its class. <code>serviceMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary that specifies any IOService of a class, or its subclasses. The class is specified by name, and an existing dictionary may be passed in, in which case the matching properties will be added to that dictionary rather than creating a new one.
971  *   @param className The class name, as an OSString (which includes OSSymbol). Class matching is successful on IOService objects of this class or any subclass.
972  *   @param table If zero, <code>serviceMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary and returns a reference to it, otherwise the matching properties are added to the specified dictionary.
973  *   @result The matching dictionary created, or passed in, is returned on success, or zero on failure. */
974 
975 	static OSPtr<OSDictionary>  serviceMatching( const OSString * className,
976 	    OSDictionary * table = NULL );
977 
978 #if __cplusplus >= 201703L
979 /*! @function serviceMatching
980  *   @abstract Creates a matching dictionary, or adds matching properties to an existing dictionary, that specify an IOService class match.
981  *   @discussion A very common matching criteria for IOService object is based on its class. <code>serviceMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary that specifies any IOService of a class, or its subclasses. The class is specified by name, and an existing dictionary may be passed in, in which case the matching properties will be added to that dictionary rather than creating a new one.
982  *   @param className The class name, as an OSString (which includes OSSymbol). Class matching is successful on IOService objects of this class or any subclass.
983  *   @param table If zero, <code>serviceMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary and returns a reference to it, otherwise the matching properties are added to the specified dictionary.
984  *   @result The matching dictionary created, or passed in, is returned on success, or zero on failure. */
985 
986 	static OSSharedPtr<OSDictionary> serviceMatching( const OSString * className,
987 	    OSSharedPtr<OSDictionary> table);
988 #endif
989 
990 /*! @function nameMatching
991  *   @abstract Creates a matching dictionary, or adds matching properties to an existing dictionary, that specify an IOService name match.
992  *   @discussion A very common matching criteria for IOService object is based on its name. <code>nameMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary that specifies any IOService object which responds successfully to the @link //apple_ref/cpp/instm/IORegistryEntry/compareName/virtualbool/(OSString*,OSString**) IORegistryEntry::compareName@/link method. An existing dictionary may be passed in, in which case the matching properties will be added to that dictionary rather than creating a new one.
993  *   @param name The service's name, as a const C string. Name matching is successful on IOService objects that respond successfully to the <code>IORegistryEntry::compareName</code> method.
994  *   @param table If zero, <code>nameMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary and returns a reference to it, otherwise the matching properties are added to the specified dictionary.
995  *   @result The matching dictionary created, or passed in, is returned on success, or zero on failure. */
996 
997 	static OSPtr<OSDictionary>  nameMatching( const char * name,
998 	    OSDictionary * table = NULL );
999 
1000 #if __cplusplus >= 201703L
1001 /*! @function nameMatching
1002  *   @abstract Creates a matching dictionary, or adds matching properties to an existing dictionary, that specify an IOService name match.
1003  *   @discussion A very common matching criteria for IOService object is based on its name. <code>nameMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary that specifies any IOService object which responds successfully to the @link //apple_ref/cpp/instm/IORegistryEntry/compareName/virtualbool/(OSString*,OSString**) IORegistryEntry::compareName@/link method. An existing dictionary may be passed in, in which case the matching properties will be added to that dictionary rather than creating a new one.
1004  *   @param name The service's name, as a const C string. Name matching is successful on IOService objects that respond successfully to the <code>IORegistryEntry::compareName</code> method.
1005  *   @param table If zero, <code>nameMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary and returns a reference to it, otherwise the matching properties are added to the specified dictionary.
1006  *   @result The matching dictionary created, or passed in, is returned on success, or zero on failure. */
1007 
1008 	static OSSharedPtr<OSDictionary> nameMatching( const char * name,
1009 	    OSSharedPtr<OSDictionary> table);
1010 #endif
1011 
1012 /*! @function nameMatching
1013  *   @abstract Creates a matching dictionary, or adds matching properties to an existing dictionary, that specify an IOService name match.
1014  *   @discussion A very common matching criteria for IOService object is based on its name. <code>nameMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary that specifies any IOService object which responds successfully to the @link //apple_ref/cpp/instm/IORegistryEntry/compareName/virtualbool/(OSString*,OSString**) IORegistryEntry::compareName@/link method. An existing dictionary may be passed in, in which case the matching properties will be added to that dictionary rather than creating a new one.
1015  *   @param name The service's name, as an OSString (which includes OSSymbol). Name matching is successful on IOService objects that respond successfully to the <code>IORegistryEntry::compareName</code> method.
1016  *   @param table If zero, <code>nameMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary and returns a reference to it, otherwise the matching properties are added to the specified dictionary.
1017  *   @result The matching dictionary created, or passed in, is returned on success, or zero on failure. */
1018 
1019 	static OSPtr<OSDictionary>  nameMatching( const OSString* name,
1020 	    OSDictionary * table = NULL );
1021 
1022 #if __cplusplus >= 201703L
1023 /*! @function nameMatching
1024  *   @abstract Creates a matching dictionary, or adds matching properties to an existing dictionary, that specify an IOService name match.
1025  *   @discussion A very common matching criteria for IOService object is based on its name. <code>nameMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary that specifies any IOService object which responds successfully to the @link //apple_ref/cpp/instm/IORegistryEntry/compareName/virtualbool/(OSString*,OSString**) IORegistryEntry::compareName@/link method. An existing dictionary may be passed in, in which case the matching properties will be added to that dictionary rather than creating a new one.
1026  *   @param name The service's name, as an OSString (which includes OSSymbol). Name matching is successful on IOService objects that respond successfully to the <code>IORegistryEntry::compareName</code> method.
1027  *   @param table If zero, <code>nameMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary and returns a reference to it, otherwise the matching properties are added to the specified dictionary.
1028  *   @result The matching dictionary created, or passed in, is returned on success, or zero on failure. */
1029 
1030 	static OSSharedPtr<OSDictionary> nameMatching( const OSString* name,
1031 	    OSSharedPtr<OSDictionary> table);
1032 #endif
1033 
1034 /*! @function resourceMatching
1035  *   @abstract Creates a matching dictionary, or adds matching properties to an existing dictionary, that specify a resource service match.
1036  *   @discussion IOService maintains a resource service IOResources that allows objects to be published and found globally in the I/O Kit based on a name, using the standard IOService matching and notification calls.
1037  *   @param name The resource name, as a const C string. Resource matching is successful when an object by that name has been published with the <code>publishResource</code> method.
1038  *   @param table If zero, <code>resourceMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary and returns a reference to it, otherwise the matching properties are added to the specified dictionary.
1039  *   @result The matching dictionary created, or passed in, is returned on success, or zero on failure. */
1040 
1041 	static OSPtr<OSDictionary>  resourceMatching( const char * name,
1042 	    OSDictionary * table = NULL );
1043 
1044 #if __cplusplus >= 201703L
1045 /*! @function resourceMatching
1046  *   @abstract Creates a matching dictionary, or adds matching properties to an existing dictionary, that specify a resource service match.
1047  *   @discussion IOService maintains a resource service IOResources that allows objects to be published and found globally in the I/O Kit based on a name, using the standard IOService matching and notification calls.
1048  *   @param name The resource name, as a const C string. Resource matching is successful when an object by that name has been published with the <code>publishResource</code> method.
1049  *   @param table If zero, <code>resourceMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary and returns a reference to it, otherwise the matching properties are added to the specified dictionary.
1050  *   @result The matching dictionary created, or passed in, is returned on success, or zero on failure. */
1051 
1052 	static OSSharedPtr<OSDictionary> resourceMatching( const char * name,
1053 	    OSSharedPtr<OSDictionary> table);
1054 #endif
1055 
1056 /*! @function resourceMatching
1057  *   @abstract Creates a matching dictionary, or adds matching properties to an existing dictionary, that specify a resource service match.
1058  *   @discussion IOService maintains a resource service IOResources that allows objects to be published and found globally in the I/O Kit based on a name, using the standard IOService matching and notification calls.
1059  *   @param name The resource name, as an OSString (which includes OSSymbol). Resource matching is successful when an object by that name has been published with the <code>publishResource</code> method.
1060  *   @param table If zero, <code>resourceMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary and returns a reference to it, otherwise the matching properties are added to the specified dictionary.
1061  *   @result The matching dictionary created, or passed in, is returned on success, or zero on failure. */
1062 
1063 	static OSPtr<OSDictionary>  resourceMatching( const OSString * name,
1064 	    OSDictionary * table = NULL );
1065 
1066 #if __cplusplus >= 201703L
1067 /*! @function resourceMatching
1068  *   @abstract Creates a matching dictionary, or adds matching properties to an existing dictionary, that specify a resource service match.
1069  *   @discussion IOService maintains a resource service IOResources that allows objects to be published and found globally in the I/O Kit based on a name, using the standard IOService matching and notification calls.
1070  *   @param name The resource name, as an OSString (which includes OSSymbol). Resource matching is successful when an object by that name has been published with the <code>publishResource</code> method.
1071  *   @param table If zero, <code>resourceMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary and returns a reference to it, otherwise the matching properties are added to the specified dictionary.
1072  *   @result The matching dictionary created, or passed in, is returned on success, or zero on failure. */
1073 
1074 	static OSSharedPtr<OSDictionary> resourceMatching( const OSString * name,
1075 	    OSSharedPtr<OSDictionary> table);
1076 #endif
1077 
1078 
1079 /*! @function propertyMatching
1080  *   @abstract Creates a matching dictionary, or adds matching properties to an existing dictionary, that specify an IOService phandle match.
1081  *   @discussion TODO A very common matching criteria for IOService is based on its name. nameMatching will create a matching dictionary that specifies any IOService which respond successfully to the IORegistryEntry method compareName. An existing dictionary may be passed in, in which case the matching properties will be added to that dictionary rather than creating a new one.
1082  *   @param key The service's phandle, as a const UInt32. PHandle matching is successful on IOService objects that respond successfully to the IORegistryEntry method compareName.
1083  *   @param value The service's phandle, as a const UInt32. PHandle matching is successful on IOService's which respond successfully to the IORegistryEntry method compareName.
1084  *   @param table If zero, nameMatching will create a matching dictionary and return a reference to it, otherwise the matching properties are added to the specified dictionary.
1085  *   @result The matching dictionary created, or passed in, is returned on success, or zero on failure. */
1086 
1087 	static OSPtr<OSDictionary>  propertyMatching( const OSSymbol * key, const OSObject * value,
1088 	    OSDictionary * table = NULL );
1089 
1090 #if __cplusplus >= 201703L
1091 /*! @function propertyMatching
1092  *   @abstract Creates a matching dictionary, or adds matching properties to an existing dictionary, that specify an IOService phandle match.
1093  *   @discussion TODO A very common matching criteria for IOService is based on its name. nameMatching will create a matching dictionary that specifies any IOService which respond successfully to the IORegistryEntry method compareName. An existing dictionary may be passed in, in which case the matching properties will be added to that dictionary rather than creating a new one.
1094  *   @param key The service's phandle, as a const UInt32. PHandle matching is successful on IOService objects that respond successfully to the IORegistryEntry method compareName.
1095  *   @param value The service's phandle, as a const UInt32. PHandle matching is successful on IOService's which respond successfully to the IORegistryEntry method compareName.
1096  *   @param table If zero, nameMatching will create a matching dictionary and return a reference to it, otherwise the matching properties are added to the specified dictionary.
1097  *   @result The matching dictionary created, or passed in, is returned on success, or zero on failure. */
1098 
1099 	static OSSharedPtr<OSDictionary>  propertyMatching( const OSSymbol * key, const OSObject * value,
1100 	    OSSharedPtr<OSDictionary> table);
1101 #endif
1102 
1103 /*! @function registryEntryIDMatching
1104  *   @abstract Creates a matching dictionary, or adds matching properties to an existing dictionary, that specify a IORegistryEntryID match.
1105  *   @discussion <code>registryEntryIDMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary that specifies the IOService object with the assigned registry entry ID (returned by <code>IORegistryEntry::getRegistryEntryID()</code>). An existing dictionary may be passed in, in which case the matching properties will be added to that dictionary rather than creating a new one.
1106  *   @param entryID The service's ID. Matching is successful on the IOService object that return that ID from the <code>IORegistryEntry::getRegistryEntryID()</code> method.
1107  *   @param table If zero, <code>registryEntryIDMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary and returns a reference to it, otherwise the matching properties are added to the specified dictionary.
1108  *   @result The matching dictionary created, or passed in, is returned on success, or zero on failure. */
1109 
1110 	static OSDictionary * registryEntryIDMatching( uint64_t entryID,
1111 	    OSDictionary * table = NULL );
1112 
1113 #if __cplusplus >= 201703L
1114 /*! @function registryEntryIDMatching
1115  *   @abstract Creates a matching dictionary, or adds matching properties to an existing dictionary, that specify a IORegistryEntryID match.
1116  *   @discussion <code>registryEntryIDMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary that specifies the IOService object with the assigned registry entry ID (returned by <code>IORegistryEntry::getRegistryEntryID()</code>). An existing dictionary may be passed in, in which case the matching properties will be added to that dictionary rather than creating a new one.
1117  *   @param entryID The service's ID. Matching is successful on the IOService object that return that ID from the <code>IORegistryEntry::getRegistryEntryID()</code> method.
1118  *   @param table If zero, <code>registryEntryIDMatching</code> creates a matching dictionary and returns a reference to it, otherwise the matching properties are added to the specified dictionary.
1119  *   @result The matching dictionary created, or passed in, is returned on success, or zero on failure. */
1120 
1121 	static OSSharedPtr<OSDictionary> registryEntryIDMatching( uint64_t entryID,
1122 	    OSSharedPtr<OSDictionary> table);
1123 #endif
1124 
1125 
1126 /*! @function addLocation
1127  *   @abstract Adds a location matching property to an existing dictionary.
1128  *   @discussion This function creates matching properties that specify the location of a IOService object, as an embedded matching dictionary. This matching will be successful on an IOService object that attached to an IOService object which matches this location matching dictionary.
1129  *   @param table The matching properties are added to the specified dictionary, which must be non-zero.
1130  *   @result The location matching dictionary created is returned on success, or zero on failure. */
1131 
1132 	static OSPtr<OSDictionary>  addLocation( OSDictionary * table );
1133 
1134 /* Helpers for matching dictionaries. */
1135 
1136 /*! @function compareProperty
1137  *   @abstract Compares a property in a matching dictionary with an IOService object's property table.
1138  *   @discussion This is a helper function to aid in implementing @link matchPropertyTable matchPropertyTable@/link. If the property specified by <code>key</code> exists in the matching dictionary, it is compared with a property of the same name in the IOService object's property table. The comparison is performed with the <code>isEqualTo</code> method. If the property does not exist in the matching table, success is returned. If the property exists in the matching dictionary but not the IOService property table, failure is returned.
1139  *   @param matching The matching dictionary, which must be non-zero.
1140  *   @param key The dictionary key specifying the property to be compared, as a C string.
1141  *   @result <code>true</code> if the property does not exist in the matching table. If the property exists in the matching dictionary but not the IOService property table, failure is returned. Otherwise the result of calling the property from the matching dictionary's <code>isEqualTo</code> method with the IOService property as an argument is returned. */
1142 
1143 	virtual bool compareProperty(   OSDictionary   * matching,
1144 	    const char     * key );
1145 /*! @function compareProperty
1146  *   @abstract Compares a property in a matching dictionary with an IOService object's property table.
1147  *   @discussion This is a helper function to aid in implementing @link matchPropertyTable matchPropertyTable@/link. If the property specified by <code>key</code> exists in the matching dictionary, it is compared with a property of the same name in the IOService object's property table. The comparison is performed with the <code>isEqualTo</code> method. If the property does not exist in the matching table, success is returned. If the property exists in the matching dictionary but not the IOService property table, failure is returned.
1148  *   @param matching The matching dictionary, which must be non-zero.
1149  *   @param key The dictionary key specifying the property to be compared, as an OSString (which includes OSSymbol).
1150  *   @result <code>true</code> if the property does not exist in the matching table. If the property exists in the matching dictionary but not the IOService property table, failure is returned. Otherwise the result of calling the property from the matching dictionary's <code>isEqualTo</code> method with the IOService property as an argument is returned. */
1151 
1152 	virtual bool compareProperty(   OSDictionary   * matching,
1153 	    const OSString * key );
1154 
1155 /*! @function compareProperties
1156  *   @abstract Compares a set of properties in a matching dictionary with an IOService object's property table.
1157  *   @discussion This is a helper function to aid in implementing @link matchPropertyTable matchPropertyTable@/link. A collection of dictionary keys specifies properties in a matching dictionary to be compared, with <code>compareProperty</code>, with an IOService object's property table, if <code>compareProperty</code> returns <code>true</code> for each key, success is returned; otherwise failure.
1158  *   @param matching The matching dictionary, which must be non-zero.
1159  *   @param keys A collection (eg. OSSet, OSArray, OSDictionary) which should contain OSStrings (or OSSymbols) that specify the property keys to be compared.
1160  *   @result Success if <code>compareProperty</code> returns <code>true</code> for each key in the collection; otherwise failure. */
1161 
1162 	virtual bool compareProperties( OSDictionary   * matching,
1163 	    OSCollection   * keys );
1164 
1165 /* Client / provider accessors */
1166 
1167 /*! @function attach
1168  *   @abstract Attaches an IOService client to a provider in the I/O Registry.
1169  *   @discussion This function called in an IOService client enters the client into the I/O Registry as a child of the provider in the service plane. The provider must be active or the attach will fail. Multiple attach calls to the same provider are no-ops and return success. A client may be attached to multiple providers. Entering an object into the I/O Registry retains both the client and provider until they are detached.
1170  *   @param provider The IOService object which will serve as this object's provider.
1171  *   @result <code>false</code> if the provider is inactive or on a resource failure; otherwise <code>true</code>. */
1172 
1173 	virtual bool attach( IOService * provider );
1174 
1175 /*! @function detach
1176  *   @abstract Detaches an IOService client from a provider in the I/O Registry.
1177  *   @discussion This function called in an IOService client removes the client as a child of the provider in the service plane of the I/O Registry. If the provider is not a parent of the client this is a no-op, otherwise the I/O Registry releases both the client and provider.
1178  *   @param provider The IOService object to detach from. */
1179 
1180 	virtual void detach( IOService * provider );
1181 
1182 /*! @function getProvider
1183  *   @abstract Returns an IOService object's primary provider.
1184  *   @discussion This function called in an IOService client will return the provider to which it was first attached. Because the majority of IOService objects have only one provider, this is a useful simplification and also supports caching of the provider when the I/O Registry is unchanged.
1185  *   @result The first provider of the client, or zero if the IOService object is not attached into the I/O Registry. The provider is retained while the client is attached, and should not be released by the caller. */
1186 
1187 	virtual IOService * getProvider( void ) const;
1188 
1189 /*! @function getWorkLoop
1190  *   @abstract Returns the current work loop or <code>provider->getWorkLoop</code>.
1191  *   @discussion This function returns a valid work loop that a client can use to add an IOCommandGate to. The intention is that an IOService client has data that needs to be protected but doesn't want to pay the cost of a dedicated thread. This data has to be accessed from a provider's call-out context as well. So to achieve both of these goals the client creates an IOCommandGate to lock access to his data but he registers it with the provider's work loop, i.e. the work loop which will make the completion call-outs. This avoids a potential deadlock because the work loop gate uses a recursive lock, which allows the same lock to be held multiple times by a single thread.
1192  *   @result A work loop, either the current work loop or it walks up the @link getProvider getProvider@/link chain calling <code>getWorkLoop</code>. Eventually it will reach a valid work loop-based driver or the root of the I/O tree, where it will return a system-wide work loop. Returns 0 if it fails to find (or create) a work loop.*/
1193 
1194 	virtual IOWorkLoop * getWorkLoop() const;
1195 
1196 /*! @function getProviderIterator
1197  *   @abstract Returns an iterator over an IOService object's providers.
1198  *   @discussion For those few IOService objects that obtain service from multiple providers, this method supplies an iterator over a client's providers.
1199  *   @result An iterator over the providers of the client, or zero if there is a resource failure. The iterator must be released when the iteration is finished. All objects returned by the iteration are retained while the iterator is valid, though they may no longer be attached during the iteration. */
1200 
1201 	virtual OSPtr<OSIterator> getProviderIterator( void ) const;
1202 
1203 /*! @function getOpenProviderIterator
1204  *   @abstract Returns an iterator over an client's providers that are currently opened by the client.
1205  *   @discussion For those few IOService objects that obtain service from multiple providers, this method supplies an iterator over a client's providers, locking each in turn with @link lockForArbitration lockForArbitration@/link and returning those that have been opened by the client.
1206  *   @result An iterator over the providers the client has open, or zero if there is a resource failure. The iterator must be released when the iteration is finished. All objects returned by the iteration are retained while the iterator is valid, and the current entry in the iteration is locked with <code>lockForArbitration</code>, protecting it from state changes. */
1207 
1208 	virtual OSPtr<OSIterator> getOpenProviderIterator( void ) const;
1209 
1210 /*! @function getClient
1211  *   @abstract Returns an IOService object's primary client.
1212  *   @discussion This function called in an IOService provider will return the first client to attach to it. For IOService objects which have only only one client, this may be a useful simplification.
1213  *   @result The first client of the provider, or zero if the IOService object is not attached into the I/O Registry. The client is retained while it is attached, and should not be released by the caller. */
1214 
1215 	virtual IOService * getClient( void ) const;
1216 
1217 /*! @function getClientIterator
1218  *   @abstract Returns an iterator over an IOService object's clients.
1219  *   @discussion For IOService objects that may have multiple clients, this method supplies an iterator over a provider's clients.
1220  *   @result An iterator over the clients of the provider, or zero if there is a resource failure. The iterator must be released when the iteration is finished. All objects returned by the iteration are retained while the iterator is valid, though they may no longer be attached during the iteration. */
1221 
1222 	virtual OSPtr<OSIterator> getClientIterator( void ) const;
1223 
1224 /*! @function getOpenClientIterator
1225  *   @abstract Returns an iterator over a provider's clients that currently have opened the provider.
1226  *   @discussion For IOService objects that may have multiple clients, this method supplies an iterator over a provider's clients, locking each in turn with @link lockForArbitration lockForArbitration@/link and returning those that have opened the provider.
1227  *   @result An iterator over the clients that have opened the provider, or zero if there is a resource failure. The iterator must be released when the iteration is finished. All objects returned by the iteration are retained while the iterator is valid, and the current entry in the iteration is locked with <code>lockForArbitration</code>, protecting it from state changes. */
1228 
1229 	virtual OSPtr<OSIterator> getOpenClientIterator( void ) const;
1230 
1231 /*! @function callPlatformFunction
1232  *   @abstract Calls the platform function with the given name.
1233  *   @discussion The platform expert or other drivers may implement various functions to control hardware features.  <code>callPlatformFunction</code> allows any IOService object to access these functions. Normally <code>callPlatformFunction</code> is called on a service's provider. The provider services the request or passes it to its provider. The system's IOPlatformExpert subclass catches functions it knows about and redirects them into other parts of the service plane. If the IOPlatformExpert subclass cannot execute the function, the base class is called. The IOPlatformExpert base class attempts to find a service to execute the function by looking up the function name in an IOResources name space. A service may publish a service using <code>publishResource(functionName, this)</code>. If no service can be found to execute the function an error is returned.
1234  *   @param functionName Name of the function to be called. When <code>functionName</code> is a C string, <code>callPlatformFunction</code> converts the C string to an OSSymbol and calls the OSSymbol version of <code>callPlatformFunction</code>. This process can block and should not be used from an interrupt context.
1235  *   @param waitForFunction If <code>true</code>, <code>callPlatformFunction</code> will not return until the function has been called.
1236  *   @result An IOReturn code; <code>kIOReturnSuccess</code> if the function was successfully executed, <code>kIOReturnUnsupported</code> if a service to execute the function could not be found. Other return codes may be returned by the function.*/
1237 
1238 	virtual IOReturn callPlatformFunction( const OSSymbol * functionName,
1239 	    bool waitForFunction,
1240 	    void *param1, void *param2,
1241 	    void *param3, void *param4 );
1242 
1243 	virtual IOReturn callPlatformFunction( const char * functionName,
1244 	    bool waitForFunction,
1245 	    void *param1, void *param2,
1246 	    void *param3, void *param4 );
1247 
1248 
1249 /* Some accessors */
1250 
1251 /*! @function getPlatform
1252  *   @abstract Returns a pointer to the platform expert instance for the computer.
1253  *   @discussion This method provides an accessor to the platform expert instance for the computer.
1254  *   @result A pointer to the IOPlatformExpert instance. It should not be released by the caller. */
1255 
1256 	static IOPlatformExpert * getPlatform( void );
1257 
1258 /*! @function getPMRootDomain
1259  *   @abstract Returns a pointer to the power management root domain instance for the computer.
1260  *   @discussion This method provides an accessor to the power management root domain instance for the computer.
1261  *   @result A pointer to the power management root domain instance. It should not be released by the caller. */
1262 
1263 	static class IOPMrootDomain * getPMRootDomain( void );
1264 
1265 /*! @function getServiceRoot
1266  *   @abstract Returns a pointer to the root of the service plane.
1267  *   @discussion This method provides an accessor to the root of the service plane for the computer.
1268  *   @result A pointer to the IOService instance at the root of the service plane. It should not be released by the caller. */
1269 
1270 	static IOService * getServiceRoot( void );
1271 
1272 /*! @function getResourceService
1273  *   @abstract Returns a pointer to the IOResources service.
1274  *   @discussion IOService maintains a resource service IOResources that allows objects to be published and found globally in the I/O Kit based on a name, using the standard IOService matching and notification calls.
1275  *   @result A pointer to the IOResources instance. It should not be released by the caller. */
1276 
1277 	static IOService * getResourceService( void );
1278 
1279 	static IOService * getSystemStateNotificationService(void);
1280 
1281 /* Allocate resources for a matched service */
1282 
1283 /*! @function getResources
1284  *   @abstract Allocates any needed resources for a published IOService object before clients attach.
1285  *   @discussion This method is called during the registration process for an IOService object if there are successful driver matches, before any clients attach. It allows for lazy allocation of resources to an IOService object when a matching driver is found.
1286  *   @result An IOReturn code; <code>kIOReturnSuccess</code> is necessary for the IOService object to be successfully used, otherwise the registration process for the object is halted. */
1287 
1288 	virtual IOReturn getResources( void );
1289 
1290 /* Device memory accessors */
1291 
1292 /*! @function getDeviceMemoryCount
1293  *   @abstract Returns a count of the physical memory ranges available for a device.
1294  *   @discussion This method returns the count of physical memory ranges, each represented by an IODeviceMemory instance, that have been allocated for a memory mapped device.
1295  *   @result An integer count of the number of ranges available. */
1296 
1297 	virtual IOItemCount getDeviceMemoryCount( void );
1298 
1299 /*! @function getDeviceMemoryWithIndex
1300  *   @abstract Returns an instance of IODeviceMemory representing one of a device's memory mapped ranges.
1301  *   @discussion This method returns a pointer to an instance of IODeviceMemory for the physical memory range at the given index for a memory mapped device.
1302  *   @param index An index into the array of ranges assigned to the device.
1303  *   @result A pointer to an instance of IODeviceMemory, or zero if the index is beyond the count available. The IODeviceMemory is retained by the provider, so is valid while attached, or while any mappings to it exist. It should not be released by the caller. See also @link mapDeviceMemoryWithIndex mapDeviceMemoryWithIndex@/link, which creates a device memory mapping. */
1304 
1305 	virtual IODeviceMemory * getDeviceMemoryWithIndex( unsigned int index );
1306 
1307 /*! @function mapDeviceMemoryWithIndex
1308  *   @abstract Maps a physical range of a device.
1309  *   @discussion This method creates a mapping for the IODeviceMemory at the given index, with <code>IODeviceMemory::map(options)</code>. The mapping is represented by the returned instance of IOMemoryMap, which should not be released until the mapping is no longer required.
1310  *   @param index An index into the array of ranges assigned to the device.
1311  *   @result An instance of IOMemoryMap, or zero if the index is beyond the count available. The mapping should be released only when access to it is no longer required. */
1312 
1313 	virtual IOMemoryMap * mapDeviceMemoryWithIndex( unsigned int index,
1314 	    IOOptionBits options = 0 );
1315 
1316 /*! @function getDeviceMemory
1317  *   @abstract Returns the array of IODeviceMemory objects representing a device's memory mapped ranges.
1318  *   @discussion This method returns an array of IODeviceMemory objects representing the physical memory ranges allocated to a memory mapped device.
1319  *   @result An OSArray of IODeviceMemory objects, or zero if none are available. The array is retained by the provider, so is valid while attached. */
1320 
1321 	virtual OSArray * getDeviceMemory( void );
1322 
1323 /*! @function setDeviceMemory
1324  *   @abstract Sets the array of IODeviceMemory objects representing a device's memory mapped ranges.
1325  *   @discussion This method sets an array of IODeviceMemory objects representing the physical memory ranges allocated to a memory mapped device.
1326  *   @param array An OSArray of IODeviceMemory objects, or zero if none are available. The array will be retained by the object. */
1327 
1328 	virtual void setDeviceMemory( OSArray * array );
1329 
1330 /* Interrupt accessors */
1331 
1332 /*! @function registerInterrupt
1333  *   @abstract Registers a C function interrupt handler for a device supplying interrupts.
1334  *   @discussion This method installs a C function interrupt handler to be called at primary interrupt time for a device's interrupt. Only one handler may be installed per interrupt source. IOInterruptEventSource provides a work loop based abstraction for interrupt delivery that may be more appropriate for work loop based drivers.
1335  *   @param source The index of the interrupt source in the device.
1336  *   @param target An object instance to be passed to the interrupt handler.
1337  *   @param handler The C function to be called at primary interrupt time when the interrupt occurs. The handler should process the interrupt by clearing the interrupt, or by disabling the source.
1338  *   @param refCon A reference constant for the handler's use.
1339  *   @result An IOReturn code.<br><code>kIOReturnNoInterrupt</code> is returned if the source is not valid; <code>kIOReturnNoResources</code> is returned if the interrupt already has an installed handler. */
1340 
1341 	virtual IOReturn registerInterrupt(int source, OSObject *target,
1342 	    IOInterruptAction handler,
1343 	    void *refCon = NULL);
1344 
1345 #ifdef __BLOCKS__
1346 /*! @function registerInterrupt
1347  *   @abstract Registers a block handler for a device supplying interrupts.
1348  *   @discussion This method installs a C function interrupt handler to be called at primary interrupt time for a device's interrupt. Only one handler may be installed per interrupt source. IOInterruptEventSource provides a work loop based abstraction for interrupt delivery that may be more appropriate for work loop based drivers.
1349  *   @param source The index of the interrupt source in the device.
1350  *   @param target An object instance to be passed to the interrupt handler.
1351  *   @param handler The block to be invoked at primary interrupt time when the interrupt occurs. The handler should process the interrupt by clearing the interrupt, or by disabling the source.
1352  *   @result An IOReturn code.<br><code>kIOReturnNoInterrupt</code> is returned if the source is not valid; <code>kIOReturnNoResources</code> is returned if the interrupt already has an installed handler. */
1353 
1354 	IOReturn registerInterruptBlock(int source, OSObject *target,
1355 	    IOInterruptActionBlock handler);
1356 #endif /* __BLOCKS__ */
1357 
1358 /*! @function unregisterInterrupt
1359  *   @abstract Removes a C function interrupt handler for a device supplying hardware interrupts.
1360  *   @discussion This method removes a C function interrupt handler previously installed with @link registerInterrupt registerInterrupt@/link.
1361  *   @param source The index of the interrupt source in the device.
1362  *   @result An IOReturn code (<code>kIOReturnNoInterrupt</code> is returned if the source is not valid). */
1363 
1364 	virtual IOReturn unregisterInterrupt(int source);
1365 
1366 /*! @function addInterruptStatistics
1367  *   @abstract Adds a statistics object to the IOService for the given interrupt.
1368  *   @discussion This method associates a set of statistics and a reporter for those statistics with an interrupt for this IOService, so that we can interrogate the IOService for statistics pertaining to that interrupt.
1369  *   @param statistics The IOInterruptAccountingData container we wish to associate the IOService with.
1370  *   @param source The index of the interrupt source in the device. */
1371 	IOReturn addInterruptStatistics(IOInterruptAccountingData * statistics, int source);
1372 
1373 /*! @function removeInterruptStatistics
1374  *   @abstract Removes any statistics from the IOService for the given interrupt.
1375  *   @discussion This method disassociates any IOInterruptAccountingData container we may have for the given interrupt from the IOService; this indicates that the the interrupt target (at the moment, likely an IOInterruptEventSource) is being destroyed.
1376  *   @param source The index of the interrupt source in the device. */
1377 	IOReturn removeInterruptStatistics(int source);
1378 
1379 /*! @function getInterruptType
1380  *   @abstract Returns the type of interrupt used for a device supplying hardware interrupts.
1381  *   @param source The index of the interrupt source in the device.
1382  *   @param interruptType The interrupt type for the interrupt source will be stored here by <code>getInterruptType</code>.<br> <code>kIOInterruptTypeEdge</code> will be returned for edge-trigggered sources.<br><code>kIOInterruptTypeLevel</code> will be returned for level-trigggered sources.
1383  *   @result An IOReturn code (<code>kIOReturnNoInterrupt</code> is returned if the source is not valid). */
1384 
1385 	virtual IOReturn getInterruptType(int source, int *interruptType);
1386 
1387 /*! @function enableInterrupt
1388  *   @abstract Enables a device interrupt.
1389  *   @discussion It is the caller's responsiblity to keep track of the enable state of the interrupt source.
1390  *   @param source The index of the interrupt source in the device.
1391  *   @result An IOReturn code (<code>kIOReturnNoInterrupt</code> is returned if the source is not valid). */
1392 
1393 	virtual IOReturn enableInterrupt(int source);
1394 
1395 /*! @function disableInterrupt
1396  *   @abstract Synchronously disables a device interrupt.
1397  *   @discussion If the interrupt routine is running, the call will block until the routine completes. It is the caller's responsiblity to keep track of the enable state of the interrupt source.
1398  *   @param source The index of the interrupt source in the device.
1399  *   @result An IOReturn code (<code>kIOReturnNoInterrupt</code> is returned if the source is not valid). */
1400 
1401 	virtual IOReturn disableInterrupt(int source);
1402 
1403 /*! @function causeInterrupt
1404  *   @abstract Causes a device interrupt to occur.
1405  *   @discussion Emulates a hardware interrupt, to be called from task level.
1406  *   @param source The index of the interrupt source in the device.
1407  *   @result An IOReturn code (<code>kIOReturnNoInterrupt</code> is returned if the source is not valid). */
1408 
1409 	virtual IOReturn causeInterrupt(int source);
1410 
1411 /*! @function requestProbe
1412  *   @abstract Requests that hardware be re-scanned for devices.
1413  *   @discussion For bus families that do not usually detect device addition or removal, this method represents an external request (eg. from a utility application) to rescan and publish or remove found devices.
1414  *   @param options Family defined options, not interpreted by IOService.
1415  *   @result An IOReturn code. */
1416 
1417 	virtual IOReturn requestProbe( IOOptionBits options );
1418 
1419 /* Generic API for non-data-path upstream calls */
1420 
1421 /*! @function message
1422  *   @abstract Receives a generic message delivered from an attached provider.
1423  *   @discussion A provider may deliver messages via the <code>message</code> method to its clients informing them of state changes, such as <code>kIOMessageServiceIsTerminated</code> or <code>kIOMessageServiceIsSuspended</code>. Certain messages are defined by the I/O Kit in <code>IOMessage.h</code> while others may be family dependent. This method is implemented in the client to receive messages.
1424  *   @param type A type defined in <code>IOMessage.h</code> or defined by the provider family.
1425  *   @param provider The provider from which the message originates.
1426  *   @param argument An argument defined by the provider family, not used by IOService.
1427  *   @result An IOReturn code defined by the message type. */
1428 
1429 	virtual IOReturn message( UInt32 type, IOService * provider,
1430 	    void * argument = NULL );
1431 
1432 /*! @function messageClient
1433  *   @abstract Sends a generic message to an attached client.
1434  *   @discussion A provider may deliver messages via the @link message message@/link method to its clients informing them of state changes, such as <code>kIOMessageServiceIsTerminated</code> or <code>kIOMessageServiceIsSuspended</code>. Certain messages are defined by the I/O Kit in <code>IOMessage.h</code> while others may be family dependent. This method may be called in the provider to send a message to the specified client, which may be useful for overrides.
1435  *   @param messageType A type defined in <code>IOMessage.h</code> or defined by the provider family.
1436  *   @param client A client of the IOService to send the message.
1437  *   @param messageArgument An argument defined by the provider family, not used by IOService.
1438  *   @param argSize Specifies the size of messageArgument, in bytes.  If argSize is non-zero, messageArgument is treated as a pointer to argSize bytes of data.  If argSize is 0 (the default), messageArgument is treated as an ordinal and passed by value.
1439  *   @result The return code from the client message call. */
1440 
1441 	virtual IOReturn messageClient( UInt32 messageType, OSObject * client,
1442 	    void * messageArgument = NULL, vm_size_t argSize = 0 );
1443 
1444 /*! @function messageClients
1445  *   @abstract Sends a generic message to all attached clients.
1446  *   @discussion A provider may deliver messages via the @link message message@/link method to its clients informing them of state changes, such as <code>kIOMessageServiceIsTerminated</code> or <code>kIOMessageServiceIsSuspended</code>. Certain messages are defined by the I/O Kit in <code>IOMessage.h</code> while others may be family dependent. This method may be called in the provider to send a message to all the attached clients, via the @link messageClient messageClient@/link method.
1447  *   @param type A type defined in <code>IOMessage.h</code> or defined by the provider family.
1448  *   @param argument An argument defined by the provider family, not used by IOService.
1449  *   @param argSize Specifies the size of argument, in bytes.  If argSize is non-zero, argument is treated as a pointer to argSize bytes of data.  If argSize is 0 (the default), argument is treated as an ordinal and passed by value.
1450  *   @result Any non-<code>kIOReturnSuccess</code> return codes returned by the clients, or <code>kIOReturnSuccess</code> if all return <code>kIOReturnSuccess</code>. */
1451 
1452 	virtual IOReturn messageClients( UInt32 type,
1453 	    void * argument = NULL, vm_size_t argSize = 0 );
1454 
1455 	virtual OSPtr<IONotifier> registerInterest( const OSSymbol * typeOfInterest,
1456 	    IOServiceInterestHandler handler,
1457 	    void * target, void * ref = NULL );
1458 
1459 #ifdef __BLOCKS__
1460 	OSPtr<IONotifier>  registerInterest(const OSSymbol * typeOfInterest,
1461 	    IOServiceInterestHandlerBlock handler);
1462 #endif /* __BLOCKS__ */
1463 
1464 	virtual void applyToProviders( IOServiceApplierFunction applier,
1465 	    void * context );
1466 
1467 	virtual void applyToClients( IOServiceApplierFunction applier,
1468 	    void * context );
1469 
1470 #ifdef __BLOCKS__
1471 	void applyToProviders(IOServiceApplierBlock applier);
1472 	void applyToClients(IOServiceApplierBlock applier);
1473 #endif /* __BLOCKS__ */
1474 
1475 	virtual void applyToInterested( const OSSymbol * typeOfInterest,
1476 	    OSObjectApplierFunction applier,
1477 	    void * context );
1478 
1479 	virtual IOReturn acknowledgeNotification( IONotificationRef notification,
1480 	    IOOptionBits response );
1481 
1482 /* User client create */
1483 
1484 /*! @function newUserClient
1485  *   @abstract Creates a connection for a non kernel client.
1486  *   @discussion A non kernel client may request a connection be opened via the @link //apple_ref/c/func/IOServiceOpen IOServiceOpen@/link library function, which will call this method in an IOService object. The rules and capabilities of user level clients are family dependent, and use the functions of the IOUserClient class for support. IOService's implementation returns <code>kIOReturnUnsupported</code>, so any family supporting user clients must implement this method.
1487  *   @param owningTask The Mach task of the client thread in the process of opening the user client. Note that in Mac OS X, each process is based on a Mach task and one or more Mach threads. For more information on the composition of a Mach task and its relationship with Mach threads, see {@linkdoc //apple_ref/doc/uid/TP30000905-CH209-TPXREF103 "Tasks and Threads"}.
1488  *   @param securityID A token representing the access level for the task.
1489  *   @param type A constant specifying the type of connection to be created, specified by the caller of @link //apple_ref/c/func/IOServiceOpen IOServiceOpen@/link and interpreted only by the family.
1490  *   @param handler An instance of an IOUserClient object to represent the connection, which will be released when the connection is closed, or zero if the connection was not opened.
1491  *   @param properties A dictionary of additional properties for the connection.
1492  *   @result A return code to be passed back to the caller of <code>IOServiceOpen</code>. */
1493 
1494 	virtual IOReturn newUserClient( task_t owningTask, void * securityID,
1495 	    UInt32 type, OSDictionary * properties,
1496 	    LIBKERN_RETURNS_RETAINED IOUserClient ** handler );
1497 
1498 	virtual IOReturn newUserClient( task_t owningTask, void * securityID,
1499 	    UInt32 type,
1500 	    LIBKERN_RETURNS_RETAINED IOUserClient ** handler );
1501 
1502 	IOReturn newUserClient( task_t owningTask, void * securityID,
1503 	    UInt32 type, OSDictionary * properties,
1504 	    OSSharedPtr<IOUserClient>& handler );
1505 
1506 	IOReturn newUserClient( task_t owningTask, void * securityID,
1507 	    UInt32 type,
1508 	    OSSharedPtr<IOUserClient>& handler );
1509 
1510 /* Return code utilities */
1511 
1512 /*! @function stringFromReturn
1513  *   @abstract Supplies a programmer-friendly string from an IOReturn code.
1514  *   @discussion Strings are available for the standard return codes in <code>IOReturn.h</code> in IOService, while subclasses may implement this method to interpret family dependent return codes.
1515  *   @param rtn The IOReturn code.
1516  *   @result A pointer to a constant string, or zero if the return code is unknown. */
1517 
1518 	virtual const char * stringFromReturn( IOReturn rtn );
1519 
1520 /*! @function errnoFromReturn
1521  *   @abstract Translates an IOReturn code to a BSD <code>errno</code>.
1522  *   @discussion BSD defines its own return codes for its functions in <code>sys/errno.h</code>, and I/O Kit families may need to supply compliant results in BSD shims. Results are available for the standard return codes in <code>IOReturn.h</code> in IOService, while subclasses may implement this method to interpret family dependent return codes.
1523  *   @param rtn The IOReturn code.
1524  *   @result The BSD <code>errno</code> or <code>EIO</code> if unknown. */
1525 
1526 	virtual int errnoFromReturn( IOReturn rtn );
1527 
1528 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
1529 /* * * * * * * * * * end of IOService API  * * * * * * * */
1530 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
1531 
1532 /* for IOInterruptController implementors */
1533 
1534 	int               _numInterruptSources;
1535 	IOInterruptSource *_interruptSources;
1536 
1537 /* overrides */
1538 	virtual bool serializeProperties( OSSerialize * s ) const APPLE_KEXT_OVERRIDE;
1539 
1540 	IOReturn   requireMaxBusStall(UInt32 ns);
1541 	IOReturn   requireMaxInterruptDelay(uint32_t ns);
1542 
1543 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
1544 /* * * * * * * * * * * * Internals * * * * * * * * * * * */
1545 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
1546 
1547 #ifdef XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
1548 public:
1549 // called from other xnu components
1550 	static void initialize( void );
1551 	static void setPlatform( IOPlatformExpert * platform);
1552 	static void setPMRootDomain( class IOPMrootDomain * rootDomain );
1553 	static IOReturn catalogNewDrivers( OSOrderedSet * newTables );
1554 	uint64_t getAccumulatedBusyTime( void );
1555 	static void updateConsoleUsers(OSArray * consoleUsers, IOMessage systemMessage,
1556 	    bool afterUserspaceReboot = false);
1557 	static void consoleLockTimer(thread_call_param_t p0, thread_call_param_t p1);
1558 	void setTerminateDefer(IOService * provider, bool defer);
1559 	uint64_t getAuthorizationID( void );
1560 	IOReturn setAuthorizationID( uint64_t authorizationID );
1561 	void cpusRunning(void);
1562 	void scheduleFinalize(bool now);
1563 	static void willShutdown();
1564 	static void startDeferredMatches();
1565 	static void iokitDaemonLaunched();
1566 	void resetRematchProperties();
1567 	bool hasUserServer() const;
1568 	static void userSpaceWillReboot();
1569 	static void userSpaceDidReboot();
1570 
1571 	IOStateNotificationItem * stateNotificationItemCopy(OSString * itemName, OSDictionary * schema);
1572 	kern_return_t stateNotificationListenerAdd(OSArray * items,
1573 	    IOStateNotificationListenerRef * outRef,
1574 	    IOStateNotificationHandler handler);
1575 	kern_return_t stateNotificationListenerRemove(IOStateNotificationListenerRef ref);
1576 
1577 private:
1578 	static IOReturn waitMatchIdle( UInt32 ms );
1579 	static OSPtr<IONotifier>  installNotification(
1580 		const OSSymbol * type, OSDictionary * matching,
1581 		IOServiceMatchingNotificationHandler handler,
1582 		void * target, void * ref,
1583 		SInt32 priority,
1584 		LIBKERN_RETURNS_RETAINED OSIterator ** existing);
1585 #if !defined(__LP64__)
1586 	static OSPtr<IONotifier>  installNotification(
1587 		const OSSymbol * type, OSDictionary * matching,
1588 		IOServiceNotificationHandler handler,
1589 		void * target, void * ref,
1590 		SInt32 priority,
1591 		LIBKERN_RETURNS_RETAINED OSIterator ** existing);
1592 #endif /* !defined(__LP64__) */
1593 #endif
1594 
1595 private:
1596 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1597 	bool checkResources( void );
1598 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1599 	bool checkResource( OSObject * matching );
1600 
1601 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1602 	void probeCandidates( LIBKERN_CONSUMED OSOrderedSet * matches );
1603 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1604 	bool startCandidate( IOService * candidate );
1605 
1606 public:
1607 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1608 	IOService * getClientWithCategory( const OSSymbol * category )
1609 	APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED;
1610 // copyClientWithCategory is the public replacement
1611 
1612 #ifdef XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
1613 /* Callable within xnu source only - but require vtable entries to be visible */
1614 public:
1615 #else
1616 private:
1617 #endif
1618 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1619 	bool passiveMatch( OSDictionary * matching, bool changesOK = false);
1620 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1621 	void startMatching( IOOptionBits options = 0 );
1622 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1623 	void doServiceMatch( IOOptionBits options );
1624 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1625 	void doServiceTerminate( IOOptionBits options );
1626 
1627 	bool hasParent(IOService * root);
1628 	static void setRootMedia(IOService * root);
1629 	static void publishHiddenMedia(IOService * parent);
1630 	static bool publishHiddenMediaApplier(const OSObject * entry, void * context);
1631 	bool canTerminateForReplacement(IOService * client);
1632 
1633 private:
1634 
1635 	bool matchPassive(OSDictionary * table, uint32_t options);
1636 	bool matchInternal(OSDictionary * table, uint32_t options, unsigned int * did);
1637 	static bool instanceMatch(const OSObject * entry, void * context);
1638 
1639 	static OSPtr<OSObject>  copyExistingServices( OSDictionary * matching,
1640 	    IOOptionBits inState, IOOptionBits options = 0 );
1641 
1642 	static OSPtr<IONotifier>  setNotification(
1643 		const OSSymbol * type, OSDictionary * matching,
1644 		IOServiceMatchingNotificationHandler handler,
1645 		void * target, void * ref,
1646 		SInt32 priority = 0 );
1647 
1648 	static OSPtr<IONotifier>  doInstallNotification(
1649 		const OSSymbol * type, OSDictionary * matching,
1650 		IOServiceMatchingNotificationHandler handler,
1651 		void * target, void * ref,
1652 		SInt32 priority, OSIterator ** existing );
1653 
1654 	static bool syncNotificationHandler( void * target, void * ref,
1655 	    IOService * newService, IONotifier * notifier  );
1656 
1657 	static void userServerCheckInTokenCancellationHandler(
1658 		IOUserServerCheckInToken * token,
1659 		void * ref);
1660 
1661 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1662 	void deliverNotification( const OSSymbol * type,
1663 	    IOOptionBits orNewState, IOOptionBits andNewState );
1664 
1665 	OSPtr<OSArray>  copyNotifiers(const OSSymbol * type,
1666 	    IOOptionBits orNewState, IOOptionBits andNewState);
1667 
1668 	bool invokeNotifiers(OSArray * willSend[]);
1669 	bool invokeNotifier( class _IOServiceNotifier * notify );
1670 
1671 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1672 	void unregisterAllInterest( void );
1673 
1674 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1675 	IOReturn waitForState( UInt32 mask, UInt32 value,
1676 	    mach_timespec_t * timeout = NULL );
1677 
1678 	IOReturn waitForState( UInt32 mask, UInt32 value, uint64_t timeout );
1679 
1680 	UInt32 _adjustBusy( SInt32 delta );
1681 
1682 	bool terminatePhase1( IOOptionBits options = 0 );
1683 	void scheduleTerminatePhase2( IOOptionBits options = 0 );
1684 	void scheduleStop( IOService * provider );
1685 
1686 	static void waitToBecomeTerminateThread( void );
1687 	static void __attribute__((__noreturn__)) terminateThread( void * arg, wait_result_t unused );
1688 	static void terminateWorker( IOOptionBits options );
1689 	static void actionWillTerminate( IOService * victim, IOOptionBits options,
1690 	    OSArray * doPhase2List, bool, void * );
1691 	static void actionDidTerminate( IOService * victim, IOOptionBits options,
1692 	    void *, void *, void *);
1693 
1694 	static void actionWillStop( IOService * victim, IOOptionBits options,
1695 	    void *, void *, void *);
1696 	static void actionDidStop( IOService * victim, IOOptionBits options,
1697 	    void *, void *, void *);
1698 
1699 	static void actionFinalize( IOService * victim, IOOptionBits options,
1700 	    void *, void *, void *);
1701 	static void actionStop( IOService * client, IOService * provider,
1702 	    void *, void *, void *);
1703 
1704 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1705 	IOReturn resolveInterrupt(IOService *nub, int source);
1706 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1707 	IOReturn lookupInterrupt(
1708 		int source, bool resolve,
1709 		LIBKERN_RETURNS_NOT_RETAINED IOInterruptController *
1710 		*interruptController);
1711 
1712 #ifdef XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
1713 /* end xnu internals */
1714 #endif
1715 
1716 /* power management */
1717 public:
1718 
1719 /*! @function PMinit
1720  *   @abstract Initializes power management for a driver.
1721  *   @discussion <code>PMinit</code> allocates and initializes the power management instance variables, and it should be called before accessing those variables or calling the power management methods. This method should be called inside the driver's <code>start</code> routine and must be paired with a call to @link PMstop PMstop@/link.
1722  *   Most calls to <code>PMinit</code> are followed by calls to @link joinPMtree joinPMtree@/link and @link registerPowerDriver registerPowerDriver@/link. */
1723 
1724 	virtual void PMinit( void );
1725 
1726 /*! @function PMstop
1727  *   @abstract Stop power managing the driver.
1728  *   @discussion Removes the driver from the power plane and stop its power management. This method is synchronous against any power management method invocations (e.g. <code>setPowerState</code> or <code>setAggressiveness</code>), so when this method returns it is guaranteed those power management methods will not be entered. Driver should not call any power management methods after this call.
1729  *   Calling <code>PMstop</code> cleans up for the three power management initialization calls: @link PMinit PMinit@/link, @link joinPMtree joinPMtree@/link, and @link registerPowerDriver registerPowerDriver@/link. */
1730 
1731 	virtual void PMstop( void );
1732 
1733 /*! @function joinPMtree
1734  *   @abstract Joins the driver into the power plane of the I/O Registry.
1735  *   @discussion A driver uses this method to call its nub when initializing (usually in its <code>start</code> routine after calling @link PMinit PMinit@/link), to be attached into the power management hierarchy (i.e., the power plane). A driver usually calls this method on the driver for the device that provides it power (this is frequently the nub).
1736  *   Before this call returns, the caller will probably be called at @link setPowerParent setPowerParent@/link and @link setAggressiveness setAggressiveness@/link and possibly at @link addPowerChild addPowerChild@/link as it is added to the hierarchy. This method may be overridden by a nub subclass.
1737  *   @param driver The driver to be added to the power plane, usually <code>this</code>. */
1738 
1739 	virtual void joinPMtree( IOService * driver );
1740 
1741 /*! @function registerPowerDriver
1742  *   @abstract Registers a set of power states that the driver supports.
1743  *   @discussion A driver defines its array of supported power states with power management in its power management initialization (its <code>start</code> routine). If successful, power management will call the driver to instruct it to change its power state through @link setPowerState setPowerState@/link.
1744  *   Most drivers do not need to override <code>registerPowerDriver</code>. A nub may override <code>registerPowerDriver</code> if it needs to arrange its children in the power plane differently than the default placement, but this is uncommon.
1745  *   @param controllingDriver A pointer to the calling driver, usually <code>this</code>.
1746  *   @param powerStates A driver-defined array of power states that the driver and device support. Power states are defined in <code>pwr_mgt/IOPMpowerState.h</code>.
1747  *   @param numberOfStates The number of power states in the array.
1748  *   @result <code>IOPMNoErr</code>. All errors are logged via <code>kprintf</code>. */
1749 
1750 	virtual IOReturn registerPowerDriver(
1751 		IOService *      controllingDriver,
1752 		IOPMPowerState * powerStates,
1753 		unsigned long    numberOfStates );
1754 
1755 /*! @function registerInterestedDriver
1756  *   @abstract Allows an IOService object to register interest in the changing power state of a power-managed IOService object.
1757  *   @discussion Call <code>registerInterestedDriver</code> on the IOService object you are interested in receiving power state messages from, and pass a pointer to the interested driver (<code>this</code>) as an argument.
1758  *   The interested driver is retained until the power interest is removed by calling <code>deRegisterInterestedDriver</code>.
1759  *   The interested driver should override @link powerStateWillChangeTo powerStateWillChangeTo@/link and @link powerStateDidChangeTo powerStateDidChangeTo@/link to receive these power change messages.
1760  *   Interested drivers must acknowledge power changes in <code>powerStateWillChangeTo</code> or <code>powerStateDidChangeTo</code>, either via return value or later calls to @link acknowledgePowerChange acknowledgePowerChange@/link.
1761  *   @param theDriver The driver of interest adds this pointer to the list of interested drivers. It informs drivers on this list before and after the power change.
1762  *   @result Flags describing the capability of the device in its current power state. If the current power state is not yet defined, zero is returned (this is the case when the driver is not yet in the power domain hierarchy or hasn't fully registered with power management yet). */
1763 
1764 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1765 	IOPMPowerFlags registerInterestedDriver( IOService * theDriver );
1766 
1767 /*! @function deRegisterInterestedDriver
1768  *   @abstract De-registers power state interest from a previous call to <code>registerInterestedDriver</code>.
1769  *   @discussion The retain from <code>registerInterestedDriver</code> is released. This method is synchronous against any <code>powerStateWillChangeTo</code> or <code>powerStateDidChangeTo</code> call targeting the interested driver, so when this method returns it is guaranteed those interest handlers will not be entered.
1770  *   Most drivers do not need to override <code>deRegisterInterestedDriver</code>.
1771  *   @param theDriver The interested driver previously passed into @link registerInterestedDriver registerInterestedDriver@/link.
1772  *   @result A return code that can be ignored by the caller. */
1773 
1774 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1775 	IOReturn deRegisterInterestedDriver( IOService * theDriver );
1776 
1777 /*! @function acknowledgePowerChange
1778  *   @abstract Acknowledges an in-progress power state change.
1779  *   @discussion When power management informs an interested object (via @link powerStateWillChangeTo powerStateWillChangeTo@/link or @link powerStateDidChangeTo powerStateDidChangeTo@/link), the object can return an immediate acknowledgement via a return code, or it may return an indication that it will acknowledge later by calling <code>acknowledgePowerChange</code>.
1780  *   Interested objects are those that have registered as interested drivers, as well as power plane children of the power changing driver. A driver that calls @link registerInterestedDriver registerInterestedDriver@/link must call <code>acknowledgePowerChange</code>, or use an immediate acknowledgement return from <code>powerStateWillChangeTo</code> or <code>powerStateDidChangeTo</code>.
1781  *   @param whichDriver A pointer to the calling driver. The called object tracks all interested parties to ensure that all have acknowledged the power state change.
1782  *   @result <code>IOPMNoErr</code>. */
1783 
1784 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1785 	IOReturn acknowledgePowerChange( IOService * whichDriver );
1786 
1787 /*! @function acknowledgeSetPowerState
1788 *   @abstract Acknowledges the belated completion of a driver's <code>setPowerState</code> power state change.
1789 *   @discussion After power management instructs a driver to change its state via @link setPowerState setPowerState@/link, that driver must acknowledge the change when its device has completed its transition. The acknowledgement may be immediate, via a return code from <code>setPowerState</code>, or delayed, via this call to <code>acknowledgeSetPowerState</code>.
1790 *   Any driver that does not return <code>kIOPMAckImplied</code> from its <code>setPowerState</code> implementation must later call <code>acknowledgeSetPowerState</code>.
1791 *   @result <code>IOPMNoErr</code>. */
1792 
1793 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1794 	IOReturn acknowledgeSetPowerState( void );
1795 
1796 /*! @function requestPowerDomainState
1797  *   @abstract Tells a driver to adjust its power state.
1798  *   @discussion This call is handled internally by power management. It is not intended to be overridden or called by drivers. */
1799 
1800 	virtual IOReturn requestPowerDomainState(
1801 		IOPMPowerFlags desiredState,
1802 		IOPowerConnection * whichChild,
1803 		unsigned long specificationFlags );
1804 
1805 /*! @function makeUsable
1806  *   @abstract Requests that a device become usable.
1807  *   @discussion This method is called when some client of a device (or the device's own driver) is asking for the device to become usable. Power management responds by telling the object upon which this method is called to change to its highest power state.
1808  *   <code>makeUsable</code> is implemented using @link changePowerStateToPriv changePowerStateToPriv@/link. Subsequent requests for lower power, such as from <code>changePowerStateToPriv</code>, will pre-empt this request.
1809  *   @result A return code that can be ignored by the caller. */
1810 
1811 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1812 	IOReturn makeUsable( void );
1813 
1814 /*! @function temporaryPowerClampOn
1815  *   @abstract A driver calls this method to hold itself in the highest power state until it has children.
1816  *   @discussion Use <code>temporaryPowerClampOn</code> to hold your driver in its highest power state while waiting for child devices to attach. After children have attached, the clamp is released and the device's power state is controlled by the children's requirements.
1817  *   @result A return code that can be ignored by the caller. */
1818 
1819 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1820 	IOReturn temporaryPowerClampOn( void );
1821 
1822 /*! @function changePowerStateTo
1823  *   @abstract Sets a driver's power state.
1824  *   @discussion This function is one of several that are used to set a driver's power state. In most circumstances, however, you should call @link changePowerStateToPriv changePowerStateToPriv@/link instead.
1825  *   Calls to <code>changePowerStateTo</code>, <code>changePowerStateToPriv</code>, and a driver's power children all affect the power state of a driver. For legacy design reasons, they have overlapping functionality. Although you should call <code>changePowerStateToPriv</code> to change your device's power state, you might need to call <code>changePowerStateTo</code> in the following circumstances:
1826  *   <ul><li>If a driver will be using <code>changePowerStateToPriv</code> to change its power state, it should call <code>changePowerStateTo(0)</code> in its <code>start</code> routine to eliminate the influence <code>changePowerStateTo</code> has on power state calculations.
1827  *   <li>Call <code>changePowerStateTo</code> in conjunction with @link setIdleTimerPeriod setIdleTimerPeriod@/link and @link activityTickle activityTickle@/link to idle a driver into a low power state. For a driver with 3 power states, for example, <code>changePowerStateTo(1)</code> sets a minimum level of power state 1, such that the idle timer period may not set your device's power any lower than state 1.</ul>
1828  *   @param ordinal The number of the desired power state in the power state array.
1829  *   @result A return code that can be ignored by the caller. */
1830 
1831 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1832 	IOReturn changePowerStateTo( unsigned long ordinal );
1833 
1834 /*! @function currentCapability
1835  *   @abstract Finds out the capability of a device's current power state.
1836  *   @result A copy of the <code>capabilityFlags</code> field for the current power state in the power state array. */
1837 
1838 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1839 	IOPMPowerFlags currentCapability( void );
1840 
1841 /*! @function currentPowerConsumption
1842  *   @abstract Finds out the current power consumption of a device.
1843  *   @discussion Most Mac OS X power managed drivers do not report their power consumption via the <code>staticPower</code> field. Thus this call will not accurately reflect power consumption for most drivers.
1844  *   @result A copy of the <code>staticPower</code> field for the current power state in the power state array. */
1845 
1846 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1847 	unsigned long currentPowerConsumption( void );
1848 
1849 /*! @function activityTickle
1850  *   @abstract Informs power management when a power-managed device is in use, so that power management can track when it is idle and adjust its power state accordingly.
1851  *   @discussion The <code>activityTickle</code> method is provided for objects in the system (or for the driver itself) to tell a driver that its device is being used.
1852  *   The IOService superclass can manage idleness determination with a simple idle timer mechanism and this <code>activityTickle</code> call. To start this up, the driver calls its superclass's <code>setIdleTimerPeriod</code>. This starts a timer for the time interval specified in the call. When the timer expires, the superclass checks to see if there has been any activity since the last timer expiration. (It checks to see if <code>activityTickle</code> has been called). If there has been activity, it restarts the timer, and this process continues. When the timer expires, and there has been no device activity, the superclass lowers the device power state to the next lower state. This can continue until the device is in state zero.
1853  *   After the device has been powered down by at least one power state, a subsequent call to <code>activityTickle</code> causes the device to be switched to a higher state required for the activity.
1854  *   If the driver is managing the idleness determination totally on its own, the value of the <code>type</code> parameter should be <code>kIOPMSubclassPolicy</code>, and the driver should override the <code>activityTickle</code> method. The superclass IOService implementation of <code>activityTickle</code> does nothing with the <code>kIOPMSubclassPolicy</code> argument.
1855  *   @param type When <code>type</code> is <code>kIOPMSubclassPolicy</code>, <code>activityTickle</code> is not handled in IOService and should be intercepted by the subclass. When <code>type</code> is <code>kIOPMSuperclassPolicy1</code>, an activity flag is set and the device state is checked. If the device has been powered down, it is powered up again.
1856  *   @param stateNumber When <code>type</code> is <code>kIOPMSuperclassPolicy1</code>, <code>stateNumber</code> contains the desired power state ordinal for the activity. If the device is in a lower state, the superclass will switch it to this state. This is for devices that can handle some accesses in lower power states; the device is powered up only as far as it needs to be for the activity.
1857  *   @result When <code>type</code> is <code>kIOPMSuperclassPolicy1</code>, the superclass returns <code>true</code> if the device is currently in the state specified by <code>stateNumber</code>. If the device is in a lower state and must be powered up, the superclass returns <code>false</code>; in this case the superclass will initiate a power change to power the device up. */
1858 
1859 	virtual bool activityTickle(
1860 		unsigned long type,
1861 		unsigned long stateNumber = 0 );
1862 
1863 /*! @function setAggressiveness
1864  *   @abstract Broadcasts an aggressiveness factor from the parent of a driver to the driver.
1865  *   @discussion Implement <code>setAggressiveness</code> to receive a notification when an "aggressiveness Aggressiveness factors are a loose set of power management variables that contain values for system sleep timeout, display sleep timeout, whether the system is on battery or AC, and other power management features. There are several aggressiveness factors that can be broadcast and a driver may take action on whichever factors apply to it.
1866  *   A driver that has joined the power plane via @link joinPMtree joinPMtree@/link will receive <code>setAgressiveness</code> calls when aggressiveness factors change.
1867  *   A driver may override this call if it needs to do something with the new factor (such as change its idle timeout). If overridden, the driver must  call its superclass's <code>setAgressiveness</code> method in its own <code>setAgressiveness</code> implementation.
1868  *   Most drivers do not need to implement <code>setAgressiveness</code>.
1869  *   @param type The aggressiveness factor type, such as <code>kPMMinutesToDim</code>, <code>kPMMinutesToSpinDown</code>, <code>kPMMinutesToSleep</code>, and <code>kPMPowerSource</code>. (Aggressiveness factors are defined in <code>pwr_mgt/IOPM.h</code>.)
1870  *   @param newLevel The aggressiveness factor's new value.
1871  *   @result <code>IOPMNoErr</code>. */
1872 
1873 	virtual IOReturn setAggressiveness(
1874 		unsigned long type,
1875 		unsigned long newLevel );
1876 
1877 /*! @function getAggressiveness
1878  *   @abstract Returns the current aggressiveness value for the given type.
1879  *   @param type The aggressiveness factor to query.
1880  *   @param currentLevel Upon successful return, contains the value of aggressiveness factor <code>type</code>.
1881  *   @result <code>kIOReturnSuccess</code> upon success; an I/O Kit error code otherwise. */
1882 
1883 	virtual IOReturn getAggressiveness(
1884 		unsigned long type,
1885 		unsigned long * currentLevel );
1886 
1887 #ifndef __LP64__
1888 /*! @function systemWake
1889  *   @abstract Tells every driver in the power plane that the system is waking up.
1890  *   @discussion This call is handled internally by power management. It is not intended to be overridden or called by drivers. */
1891 
1892 	virtual IOReturn systemWake( void )
1893 	APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED;
1894 
1895 /*! @function temperatureCriticalForZone
1896  *   @abstract Alerts a driver to a critical temperature in some thermal zone.
1897  *   @discussion This call is unused by power management. It is not intended to be called or overridden. */
1898 
1899 	virtual IOReturn temperatureCriticalForZone( IOService * whichZone )
1900 	APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED;
1901 
1902 /*! @function youAreRoot
1903  *   @abstract Informs power management which IOService object is the power plane root.
1904  *   @discussion This call is handled internally by power management. It is not intended to be overridden or called by drivers. */
1905 
1906 	virtual IOReturn youAreRoot( void )
1907 	APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED;
1908 
1909 /*! @function setPowerParent
1910  *   @abstract This call is handled internally by power management. It is not intended to be overridden or called by drivers. */
1911 
1912 	virtual IOReturn setPowerParent(
1913 		IOPowerConnection * parent,
1914 		bool stateKnown,
1915 		IOPMPowerFlags currentState )
1916 	APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED;
1917 #endif /* !__LP64__ */
1918 
1919 /*! @function addPowerChild
1920  *   @abstract Informs a driver that it has a new child.
1921  *   @discussion The Platform Expert uses this method to call a driver and introduce it to a new child. This call is handled internally by power management. It is not intended to be overridden or called by drivers.
1922  *   @param theChild A pointer to the child IOService object. */
1923 
1924 	virtual IOReturn addPowerChild( IOService * theChild );
1925 
1926 /*! @function removePowerChild
1927  *   @abstract Informs a power managed driver that one of its power plane childen is disappearing.
1928  *   @discussion This call is handled internally by power management. It is not intended to be overridden or called by drivers. */
1929 
1930 	virtual IOReturn removePowerChild( IOPowerConnection * theChild );
1931 
1932 #ifndef __LP64__
1933 /*! @function command_received
1934  *   @discussion This call is handled internally by power management. It is not intended to be overridden or called by drivers. */
1935 
1936 	virtual void command_received( void *, void *, void *, void * );
1937 #endif
1938 
1939 /*! @function start_PM_idle_timer
1940  *   @discussion This call is handled internally by power management. It is not intended to be overridden or called by drivers. */
1941 
1942 	APPLE_KEXT_COMPATIBILITY_VIRTUAL
1943 	void start_PM_idle_timer( void );
1944 
1945 #ifndef __LP64__
1946 /*! @function PM_idle_timer_expiration
1947  *   @discussion This call is handled internally by power management. It is not intended to be overridden or called by drivers. */
1948 
1949 	virtual void PM_idle_timer_expiration( void )
1950 	APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED;
1951 
1952 /*! @function PM_Clamp_Timer_Expired
1953  *   @discussion This call is handled internally by power management. It is not intended to be overridden or called by drivers. */
1954 
1955 	virtual void PM_Clamp_Timer_Expired( void )
1956 	APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED;
1957 #endif
1958 
1959 /*! @function setIdleTimerPeriod
1960  *   @abstract Sets or changes the idle timer period.
1961  *   @discussion A driver using the idleness determination provided by IOService calls its superclass with this method to set or change the idle timer period. See @link activityTickle activityTickle@/link for a description of this type of idleness determination.
1962  *   @param period The desired idle timer period in seconds.
1963  *   @result <code>kIOReturnSuccess</code> upon success; an I/O Kit error code otherwise. */
1964 
1965 	virtual IOReturn setIdleTimerPeriod( unsigned long period );
1966 
1967 #ifndef __LP64__
1968 /*! @function getPMworkloop
1969  *   @abstract Returns a pointer to the system-wide power management work loop.
1970  *   @availability Deprecated in Mac OS X version 10.6.
1971  *   @discussion Most drivers should create their own work loops to synchronize their code; drivers should not run arbitrary code on the power management work loop. */
1972 
1973 	virtual IOWorkLoop * getPMworkloop( void )
1974 	APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED;
1975 #endif
1976 
1977 /*! @function getPowerState
1978  *   @abstract Determines a device's power state.
1979  *   @discussion A device's "current power state" is updated at the end of each power state transition (e.g. transition from state 1 to state 0, or state 0 to state 2). This transition includes the time spent powering on or off any power plane children. Thus, if a child calls <code>getPowerState</code> on its power parent during system wake from sleep, the call will return the index to the device's off state rather than its on state.
1980  *   @result The current power state's index into the device's power state array. */
1981 
1982 	UInt32 getPowerState( void );
1983 
1984 /*! @function setPowerState
1985  *   @abstract Requests a power managed driver to change the power state of its device.
1986  *   @discussion A power managed driver must override <code>setPowerState</code> to take part in system power management. After a driver is registered with power management, the system uses <code>setPowerState</code> to power the device off and on for system sleep and wake.
1987  *   Calls to @link PMinit PMinit@/link and @link registerPowerDriver registerPowerDriver@/link enable power management to change a device's power state using <code>setPowerState</code>. <code>setPowerState</code> is called in a clean and separate thread context.
1988  *   @param powerStateOrdinal The number in the power state array of the state the driver is being instructed to switch to.
1989  *   @param whatDevice A pointer to the power management object which registered to manage power for this device. In most cases, <code>whatDevice</code> will be equal to your driver's own <code>this</code> pointer.
1990  *   @result The driver must return <code>IOPMAckImplied</code> if it has complied with the request when it returns. Otherwise if it has started the process of changing power state but not finished it, the driver should return a number of microseconds which is an upper limit of the time it will need to finish. Then, when it has completed the power switch, it should call @link acknowledgeSetPowerState acknowledgeSetPowerState@/link. */
1991 
1992 	virtual IOReturn setPowerState(
1993 		unsigned long powerStateOrdinal,
1994 		IOService *   whatDevice );
1995 
1996 #ifndef __LP64__
1997 /*! @function clampPowerOn
1998  *   @abstract Deprecated. Do not use. */
1999 
2000 	virtual void clampPowerOn( unsigned long duration );
2001 #endif
2002 
2003 /*! @function maxCapabilityForDomainState
2004  *   @abstract Determines a driver's highest power state possible for a given power domain state.
2005  *   @discussion This happens when the power domain is changing state and power management needs to determine which state the device is capable of in the new domain state.
2006  *   Most drivers do not need to implement this method, and can rely upon the default IOService implementation. The IOService implementation scans the power state array looking for the highest state whose <code>inputPowerRequirement</code> field exactly matches the value of the <code>domainState</code> parameter. If more intelligent determination is required, the driver itself should implement the method and override the superclass's implementation.
2007  *   @param domainState Flags that describe the character of "domain power"; they represent the <code>outputPowerCharacter</code> field of a state in the power domain's power state array.
2008  *   @result A state number. */
2009 
2010 	virtual unsigned long maxCapabilityForDomainState( IOPMPowerFlags domainState );
2011 
2012 /*! @function initialPowerStateForDomainState
2013  *   @abstract Determines which power state a device is in, given the current power domain state.
2014  *   @discussion Power management calls this method once, when the driver is initializing power management.
2015  *   Most drivers do not need to implement this method, and can rely upon the default IOService implementation. The IOService implementation scans the power state array looking for the highest state whose <code>inputPowerRequirement</code> field exactly matches the value of the <code>domainState</code> parameter. If more intelligent determination is required, the power managed driver should implement the method and override the superclass's implementation.
2016  *   @param domainState Flags that describe the character of "domain power"; they represent the <code>outputPowerCharacter</code> field of a state in the power domain's power state array.
2017  *   @result A state number. */
2018 
2019 	virtual unsigned long initialPowerStateForDomainState( IOPMPowerFlags domainState );
2020 
2021 /*! @function powerStateForDomainState
2022  *   @abstract Determines what power state the device would be in for a given power domain state.
2023  *   @discussion This call is unused by power management. Drivers should override <code>initialPowerStateForDomainState</code> and/or <code>maxCapabilityForDomainState</code> instead to change the default mapping of domain state to driver power state.
2024  *   @param domainState Flags that describe the character of "domain power"; they represent the <code>outputPowerCharacter</code> field of a state in the power domain's power state array.
2025  *   @result A state number. */
2026 
2027 	virtual unsigned long powerStateForDomainState( IOPMPowerFlags domainState );
2028 
2029 /*! @function powerStateWillChangeTo
2030  *   @abstract Informs interested parties that a device is about to change its power state.
2031  *   @discussion Power management informs interested parties that a device is about to change to a different power state. Interested parties are those that have registered for this notification via @link registerInterestedDriver registerInterestedDriver@/link. If you have called <code>registerInterestedDriver</code> on a power managed driver, you must implement <code>powerStateWillChangeTo</code> and @link powerStateDidChangeTo powerStateDidChangeTo@/link to receive the notifications.
2032  *   <code>powerStateWillChangeTo</code> is called in a clean and separate thread context. <code>powerStateWillChangeTo</code> is called before a power state transition takes place; <code>powerStateDidChangeTo</code> is called after the transition has completed.
2033  *   @param capabilities Flags that describe the capability of the device in the new power state (they come from the <code>capabilityFlags</code> field of the new state in the power state array).
2034  *   @param stateNumber The number of the state in the state array that the device is switching to.
2035  *   @param whatDevice A pointer to the driver that is changing. It can be used by a driver that is receiving power state change notifications for multiple devices to distinguish between them.
2036  *   @result The driver returns <code>IOPMAckImplied</code> if it has prepared for the power change when it returns. If it has started preparing but not finished, it should return a number of microseconds which is an upper limit of the time it will need to finish preparing. Then, when it has completed its preparations, it should call @link acknowledgePowerChange acknowledgePowerChange@/link. */
2037 
2038 	virtual IOReturn powerStateWillChangeTo(
2039 		IOPMPowerFlags  capabilities,
2040 		unsigned long   stateNumber,
2041 		IOService *     whatDevice );
2042 
2043 /*! @function powerStateDidChangeTo
2044  *   @abstract Informs interested parties that a device has changed to a different power state.
2045  *   @discussion Power management informs interested parties that a device has changed to a different power state. Interested parties are those that have registered for this notification via @link registerInterestedDriver registerInterestedDriver@/link. If you have called <code>registerInterestedDriver</code> on a power managed driver, you must implemnt @link powerStateWillChangeTo powerStateWillChangeTo@/link and <code>powerStateDidChangeTo</code> to receive the notifications.
2046  *   <code>powerStateDidChangeTo</code> is called in a clean and separate thread context. <code>powerStateWillChangeTo</code> is called before a power state transition takes place; <code>powerStateDidChangeTo</code> is called after the transition has completed.
2047  *   @param capabilities Flags that describe the capability of the device in the new power state (they come from the <code>capabilityFlags</code> field of the new state in the power state array).
2048  *   @param stateNumber The number of the state in the state array that the device is switching to.
2049  *   @param whatDevice A pointer to the driver that is changing. It can be used by a driver that is receiving power state change notifications for multiple devices to distinguish between them.
2050  *   @result The driver returns <code>IOPMAckImplied</code> if it has prepared for the power change when it returns. If it has started preparing but not finished, it should return a number of microseconds which is an upper limit of the time it will need to finish preparing. Then, when it has completed its preparations, it should call @link acknowledgePowerChange acknowledgePowerChange@/link. */
2051 
2052 	virtual IOReturn powerStateDidChangeTo(
2053 		IOPMPowerFlags  capabilities,
2054 		unsigned long   stateNumber,
2055 		IOService *     whatDevice );
2056 
2057 #ifndef __LP64__
2058 /*! @function didYouWakeSystem
2059  *   @abstract Asks a driver if its device is the one that just woke the system from sleep.
2060  *   @availability Deprecated in Mac OS X version 10.6.
2061  *   @discussion Power management calls a power managed driver with this method to ask if its device is the one that just woke the system from sleep. If a device is capable of waking the system from sleep, its driver should implement <code>didYouWakeSystem</code> and return <code>true</code> if its device was responsible for waking the system.
2062  *   @result <code>true</code> if the driver's device woke the system and <code>false</code> otherwise. */
2063 
2064 	virtual bool didYouWakeSystem( void )
2065 	APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED;
2066 
2067 /*! @function newTemperature
2068  *   @abstract Tells a power managed driver that the temperature in the thermal zone has changed.
2069  *   @discussion This call is unused by power management. It is not intended to be called or overridden. */
2070 
2071 	virtual IOReturn newTemperature( long currentTemp, IOService * whichZone )
2072 	APPLE_KEXT_DEPRECATED;
2073 #endif
2074 
2075 	virtual bool askChangeDown( unsigned long );
2076 	virtual bool tellChangeDown( unsigned long );
2077 	virtual void tellNoChangeDown( unsigned long );
2078 	virtual void tellChangeUp( unsigned long );
2079 	virtual IOReturn allowPowerChange( unsigned long refcon );
2080 	virtual IOReturn cancelPowerChange( unsigned long refcon );
2081 
2082 protected:
2083 /*! @function changePowerStateToPriv
2084  *   @abstract Tells a driver's superclass to change the power state of its device.
2085  *   @discussion A driver uses this method to tell its superclass to change the power state of the device. This is the recommended way to change the power state of a device.
2086  *   Three things affect driver power state: @link changePowerStateTo changePowerStateTo@/link, <code>changePowerStateToPriv</code>, and the desires of the driver's power plane children. Power management puts the device into the maximum state governed by those three entities.
2087  *   Drivers may eliminate the influence of the <code>changePowerStateTo</code> method on power state one of two ways. See @link powerOverrideOnPriv powerOverrideOnPriv@/link to ignore the method's influence, or call <code>changePowerStateTo(0)</code> in the driver's <code>start</code> routine to remove the <code>changePowerStateTo</code> method's power request.
2088  *   @param ordinal The number of the desired power state in the power state array.
2089  *   @result A return code that can be ignored by the caller. */
2090 public:
2091 	IOReturn changePowerStateToPriv( unsigned long ordinal );
2092 
2093 /*! @function powerOverrideOnPriv
2094  *   @abstract Allows a driver to ignore its children's power management requests and only use changePowerStateToPriv to define its own power state.
2095  *   @discussion Power management normally keeps a device at the highest state required by its requests via @link changePowerStateTo changePowerStateTo@/link, @link changePowerStateToPriv changePowerStateToPriv@/link, and its children. However, a driver may ensure a lower power state than otherwise required by itself and its children using <code>powerOverrideOnPriv</code>. When the override is on, power management keeps the device's power state in the state specified by <code>changePowerStateToPriv</code>. Turning on the override will initiate a power change if the driver's <code>changePowerStateToPriv</code> desired power state is different from the maximum of the <code>changePowerStateTo</code> desired power state and the children's desires.
2096  *   @result A return code that can be ignored by the caller. */
2097 
2098 	IOReturn powerOverrideOnPriv( void );
2099 
2100 /*! @function powerOverrideOffPriv
2101  *   @abstract Allows a driver to disable a power override.
2102  *   @discussion When a driver has enabled an override via @link powerOverrideOnPriv powerOverrideOnPriv@/link, it can disable it again by calling this method in its superclass. Disabling the override reverts to the default algorithm for determining a device's power state. The superclass will now keep the device at the highest state required by <code>changePowerStateTo</code>, <code>changePowerStateToPriv</code>, and its children. Turning off the override will initiate a power change if the driver's desired power state is different from the maximum of the power managed driver's desire and the children's desires.
2103  *   @result A return code that can be ignored by the caller. */
2104 
2105 	IOReturn powerOverrideOffPriv( void );
2106 
2107 /*! @function powerChangeDone
2108  *   @abstract Tells a driver when a power state change is complete.
2109  *   @discussion Power management uses this method to inform a driver when a power change is completely done, when all interested parties have acknowledged the @link powerStateDidChangeTo powerStateDidChangeTo@/link call. The default implementation of this method is null; the method is meant to be overridden by subclassed power managed drivers. A driver should use this method to find out if a power change it initiated is complete.
2110  *   @param stateNumber The number of the state in the state array that the device has switched from. */
2111 
2112 	virtual void powerChangeDone( unsigned long stateNumber );
2113 #ifdef XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE
2114 /* Power management internals */
2115 public:
2116 	void idleTimerExpired( void );
2117 	void settleTimerExpired( void );
2118 	IOReturn synchronizePowerTree( IOOptionBits options = 0, IOService * notifyRoot = NULL );
2119 	bool assertPMDriverCall( IOPMDriverCallEntry * callEntry, IOOptionBits method, const IOPMinformee * inform = NULL, IOOptionBits options = 0 );
2120 	void deassertPMDriverCall( IOPMDriverCallEntry * callEntry );
2121 	IOReturn changePowerStateWithOverrideTo( IOPMPowerStateIndex ordinal, IOPMRequestTag tag );
2122 	IOReturn changePowerStateWithTagToPriv( IOPMPowerStateIndex ordinal, IOPMRequestTag tag );
2123 	IOReturn changePowerStateWithTagTo( IOPMPowerStateIndex ordinal, IOPMRequestTag tag );
2124 	IOReturn changePowerStateForRootDomain( IOPMPowerStateIndex ordinal );
2125 	IOReturn setIgnoreIdleTimer( bool ignore );
2126 	IOReturn quiescePowerTree( void * target, IOPMCompletionAction action, void * param );
2127 	IOPMPowerStateIndex getPowerStateForClient( const OSSymbol * client );
2128 	static const char * getIOMessageString( uint32_t msg );
2129 	static void setAdvisoryTickleEnable( bool enable );
2130 	void reset_watchdog_timer(IOService *obj, int timeout);
2131 	void start_watchdog_timer( void );
2132 	void stop_watchdog_timer( void );
2133 	void start_watchdog_timer(uint64_t deadline);
2134 	IOReturn registerInterestForNotifier( IONotifier *notify, const OSSymbol * typeOfInterest,
2135 	    IOServiceInterestHandler handler, void * target, void * ref );
2136 
2137 	static IOWorkLoop * getIOPMWorkloop( void );
2138 	bool getBlockingDriverCall(thread_t *thread, const void **callMethod);
2139 	void cancelIdlePowerDown(IOService * service);
2140 
2141 protected:
2142 	bool tellClientsWithResponse( int messageType );
2143 	void tellClients( int messageType );
2144 	void PMDebug( uint32_t event, uintptr_t param1, uintptr_t param2 );
2145 
2146 private:
2147 #ifndef __LP64__
2148 	void ack_timer_ticked( void );
2149 	IOReturn serializedAllowPowerChange2( unsigned long );
2150 	IOReturn serializedCancelPowerChange2( unsigned long );
2151 	IOReturn powerDomainWillChangeTo( IOPMPowerFlags, IOPowerConnection * );
2152 	IOReturn powerDomainDidChangeTo( IOPMPowerFlags, IOPowerConnection * );
2153 #endif
2154 	void PMfree( void );
2155 	bool tellChangeDown1( unsigned long );
2156 	bool tellChangeDown2( unsigned long );
2157 	IOReturn startPowerChange( IOPMPowerChangeFlags, IOPMPowerStateIndex, IOPMPowerFlags, IOPowerConnection *, IOPMPowerFlags );
2158 	void setParentInfo( IOPMPowerFlags, IOPowerConnection *, bool );
2159 	IOReturn notifyAll( uint32_t nextMS );
2160 	bool notifyChild( IOPowerConnection * child );
2161 	IOPMPowerStateIndex getPowerStateForDomainFlags( IOPMPowerFlags flags );
2162 
2163 // power change initiated by driver
2164 	void OurChangeStart( void );
2165 	void OurSyncStart( void );
2166 	void OurChangeTellClientsPowerDown( void );
2167 	void OurChangeTellUserPMPolicyPowerDown( void );
2168 	void OurChangeTellPriorityClientsPowerDown( void );
2169 	void OurChangeTellCapabilityWillChange( void );
2170 	void OurChangeNotifyInterestedDriversWillChange( void );
2171 	void OurChangeSetPowerState( void );
2172 	void OurChangeWaitForPowerSettle( void );
2173 	void OurChangeNotifyInterestedDriversDidChange( void );
2174 	void OurChangeTellCapabilityDidChange( void );
2175 	void OurChangeFinish( void );
2176 
2177 // downward power change initiated by a power parent
2178 	IOReturn ParentChangeStart( void );
2179 	void ParentChangeTellPriorityClientsPowerDown( void );
2180 	void ParentChangeTellCapabilityWillChange( void );
2181 	void ParentChangeNotifyInterestedDriversWillChange( void );
2182 	void ParentChangeSetPowerState( void );
2183 	void ParentChangeWaitForPowerSettle( void );
2184 	void ParentChangeNotifyInterestedDriversDidChange( void );
2185 	void ParentChangeTellCapabilityDidChange( void );
2186 	void ParentChangeAcknowledgePowerChange( void );
2187 	void ParentChangeRootChangeDown( void );
2188 
2189 	void all_done( void );
2190 	void start_ack_timer( void );
2191 	void stop_ack_timer( void );
2192 	void start_ack_timer( UInt32 value, UInt32 scale );
2193 	void startSettleTimer( void );
2194 	void start_spindump_timer( const char * delay_type );
2195 	void stop_spindump_timer( void );
2196 	bool checkForDone( void );
2197 	bool responseValid( uint32_t x, int pid );
2198 	void computeDesiredState( unsigned long tempDesire, bool computeOnly );
2199 	void trackSystemSleepPreventers( IOPMPowerStateIndex, IOPMPowerStateIndex, IOPMPowerChangeFlags );
2200 	void tellSystemCapabilityChange( uint32_t nextMS );
2201 	void restartIdleTimer( void );
2202 
2203 	static void ack_timer_expired( thread_call_param_t, thread_call_param_t );
2204 	static void watchdog_timer_expired( thread_call_param_t arg0, thread_call_param_t arg1 );
2205 	static void spindump_timer_expired( thread_call_param_t arg0, thread_call_param_t arg1 );
2206 	static IOReturn actionAckTimerExpired(OSObject *, void *, void *, void *, void * );
2207 	static IOReturn actionSpinDumpTimerExpired(OSObject *, void *, void *, void *, void * );
2208 
2209 	static IOReturn actionDriverCalloutDone(OSObject *, void *, void *, void *, void * );
2210 	static IOPMRequest * acquirePMRequest( IOService * target, IOOptionBits type, IOPMRequest * active = NULL );
2211 	static void releasePMRequest( IOPMRequest * request );
2212 	static void pmDriverCallout( IOService * from );
2213 	static void pmTellAppWithResponse( OSObject * object, void * context );
2214 	static void pmTellClientWithResponse( OSObject * object, void * context );
2215 	static void pmTellCapabilityAppWithResponse( OSObject * object, void * arg );
2216 	static void pmTellCapabilityClientWithResponse( OSObject * object, void * arg );
2217 	static void submitPMRequest(LIBKERN_CONSUMED IOPMRequest * request );
2218 	static void submitPMRequests( IOPMRequest * requests[], IOItemCount count );
2219 	bool ackTimerTick( void );
2220 	void addPowerChild1( IOPMRequest * request );
2221 	void addPowerChild2( IOPMRequest * request );
2222 	void addPowerChild3( IOPMRequest * request );
2223 	void adjustPowerState( IOPMPowerStateIndex clamp = 0 );
2224 	void handlePMstop( IOPMRequest * request );
2225 	void handleRegisterPowerDriver( IOPMRequest * request );
2226 	bool handleAcknowledgePowerChange( IOPMRequest * request );
2227 	bool handleAcknowledgeSetPowerState( IOPMRequest * request );
2228 	void handlePowerDomainWillChangeTo( IOPMRequest * request );
2229 	void handlePowerDomainDidChangeTo( IOPMRequest * request );
2230 	void handleRequestPowerState( IOPMRequest * request );
2231 	void handlePowerOverrideChanged( IOPMRequest * request );
2232 	bool _activityTickle( unsigned long type, unsigned long stateNumber );
2233 	void handleDeferredActivityTickle( IOPMRequest * request );
2234 	void handleActivityTickle( IOPMRequest * request );
2235 	void handleInterestChanged( IOPMRequest * request );
2236 	void handleSynchronizePowerTree( IOPMRequest * request );
2237 	void executePMRequest( IOPMRequest * request );
2238 	bool actionPMWorkQueueInvoke( IOPMRequest * request, IOPMWorkQueue * queue );
2239 	bool actionPMWorkQueueRetire( IOPMRequest * request, IOPMWorkQueue * queue );
2240 	bool actionPMRequestQueue( IOPMRequest * request, IOPMRequestQueue * queue );
2241 	bool actionPMReplyQueue( IOPMRequest * request, IOPMRequestQueue * queue );
2242 	bool actionPMCompletionQueue( LIBKERN_CONSUMED IOPMRequest * request, IOPMCompletionQueue * queue );
2243 	bool notifyInterestedDrivers( void );
2244 	void notifyInterestedDriversDone( void );
2245 	bool notifyControllingDriver( void );
2246 	void notifyControllingDriverDone( void );
2247 	void driverSetPowerState( void );
2248 	void driverInformPowerChange( void );
2249 	bool isPMBlocked( IOPMRequest * request, int count );
2250 	void notifyChildren( void );
2251 	void notifyChildrenOrdered( void );
2252 	void notifyChildrenDelayed( void );
2253 	void notifyRootDomain( void );
2254 	void notifyRootDomainDone( void );
2255 	void cleanClientResponses( bool logErrors );
2256 	void updatePowerClient( const OSSymbol * client, IOPMPowerStateIndex powerState );
2257 	void removePowerClient( const OSSymbol * client );
2258 	IOReturn requestPowerState( const OSSymbol * client, IOPMPowerStateIndex state, IOPMRequestTag tag = 0 );
2259 	IOReturn requestDomainPower( IOPMPowerStateIndex ourPowerState, IOOptionBits options = 0 );
2260 	IOReturn configurePowerStatesReport( IOReportConfigureAction action, void *result );
2261 	IOReturn updatePowerStatesReport( IOReportConfigureAction action, void *result, void *destination );
2262 	IOReturn configureSimplePowerReport(IOReportConfigureAction action, void *result );
2263 	IOReturn updateSimplePowerReport( IOReportConfigureAction action, void *result, void *destination );
2264 	void waitForPMDriverCall( IOService * target = NULL );
2265 #endif /* XNU_KERNEL_PRIVATE */
2266 };
2267 
2268 #ifdef PRIVATE
2269 
2270 class IOServiceCompatibility : public IOService
2271 {
2272 	OSDeclareDefaultStructors(IOServiceCompatibility);
2273 };
2274 
2275 #endif /* PRIVATE */
2276 
2277 #endif /* ! _IOKIT_IOSERVICE_H */
2278